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to view on the brow of the hills, which there form a part of the 
basin. Northwards, about one mile, the outcrop apparently disap- 
pears at a short distance from the cross roads, thence along the 
boundary westwards crossing the Minlaton road, which runs 
about south-west, at half-mile from the point just mentioned, 
thence through section 59 N., crossing the Mount Rat and Port 
Victoria-road at the boundary of sections 59 N. and 81. 
So that fillmg in the remainder approximately I should 
estimate the area of actual outcrop at about ten square miles. 
That the limestone does occur at no great depth below the sur- 
face in the surrounding country is evidenced by the following 
facts :—To the east, in section 51 E., there isan opening some- 
what below the general level of the: surface which leads into a 
cave in the Cambrian limestone. About one-half mile further, 
in section 50, near the boundary fence, there is a well about 20 
feet deep, which, after passing through the travertine, entered a 
yellow clay for some feet, and then angular fragments of the blue 
limestone. Also to the south, in section 34, the property of Mr. 
Talbot, a quarter-mile from the road, there is a very large cave 
in the same rock. It is comparatively easy to enter, and when 
some distance in the passages become very numerous, some of 
them just allowing a person to crawl along, and then suddenly 
they open out into large chambers. The walls in some parts 
have a slight incrustation of stalactitic material, but so far as I 
went there was nothing striking in this respect; the limestone 
forming the walls inside is very interesting from its peculiar 
nodular or concretionary appearance, which has, no doubt, been 
due to weathering action. The floors in some places have a 
covering of two feet or more of dust, which is full of bones ; among 
the few obtained were the lower jaws and skulls of rats, lower jaws 
of an opossum, and numerous limb-bones of various small marsu- 
pials. The length of this cave is unknown ; but it is said to extend 
for miles, though no one has yet reached the end of the passages. 
In section 37, the property of Mr. Bickers, about 100 yards from 
the road, there is a well, the depth of which is 120 feet. Below 
the travertine here is a yellowish sand, which was passed through 
for nearly the whole depth, and at the bottom a hard breccia was 
reached, which was made up of small angular fragments of the 
Cambrian limestone, held together by a matrix of brownish 
sand. 
A well in the township gives us a depth of 140 feet. Only 
40 feet of this was sunk when in search for water, as the first 
100 feet was in a natural cave, and there has always been a con- 
stant supply of water in it. 
A small outcrop of about half a mile square in extent is said to 
occur at about four miles south of Curramulka ; but as I had not 
