Herr E. Hartert on the Caprimulgidae. 285 



altogether ; it possibly refers to some of the intermediate 

 forms, but the description is so meagre that this is merely a 

 probability. C.jotuha ranges from Eastern Siberia through 

 Japan^ China, Cochin China, Burmah, and along the Hima- 

 layas ; it becomes smaller and paler in India, smallest in the 

 south (;f the Indian peninsula and in Ceylon, where it becomes 

 typical C. kelaarti. The forms between the large and dark 

 C.jotuka and the small and pale C. kelaarti cannot be distin- 

 guished, there being no permanent form between them, but 

 an unbroken series of connecting links. The extreme forms, 

 however, are very different, and therefore must be subspeci- 

 fically distinguished. Stragglers or regular migrants occur 

 very far south in the Malayan and Papuan Islands. The 

 specimen from Penang mentioned by Salvadori (Orn. Papu- 

 asia, i. p. 531), and noted on the label as being compared and 

 found identical with the type of C. melanopogon, is a specimen 

 of C. jotuka of the larger and darker form. It was probably 

 a wanderer from Burraah, Therefore C. melanopogon is a 

 synonym of C. jotuka. 



(8) Caprimulgus concretus. 



Dr. Bowdler Sharpe (P. Z. S. 1875, pp. 100, 101) has 

 already shown that C. borneensis is identical with C. concretus. 

 Some specimens are Avithout the large white spots on the outer 

 rectrices, and as they are apparently adult individuals there is 

 hardly any doubt that they are females, though, unfortunately, 

 they are not sexed. In its coloration this Goatsucker very 

 much resembles the smaller species of Lyncornis, and there- 

 fore G. E. Gray, in his ' Hand-list,^ placed it in the genus 

 Lyncornis ; but a close examination shows that it is not a 

 Lyncornis. In fact it is inseparable from Caprimulgus, 

 though it must be admitted that the toes are rather short 

 and poAverful. This character does not seem to be sufficient 

 to establish a new genus, but, at the same time, fresh speci- 

 mens of this species require to be studied. 



(9) Genus Antrostomus. 

 I have not been able to find a satisfactory generic distinc- 



