White-breasted Dippers. 383 



form from Greece approach somewhat to Cinclus kash- 

 miriensis. An adult male in my collection from Olympns has 

 the upper parts as in C. albicollis, but the underparts are 

 darker and less rufescent^ the rufous colour being of a darker 

 shade than in C. albicollis. But^ though to some extent inter- 

 mediate between the two forms, this form approaches much 

 more nearly to C. albicollis. An adult female from Olympus 

 and a young bird from Mount Parnassus, however, are similar 

 to C. albicollis from Piedmont, but are a trifle less rufous on 

 the underparts. 



I am indebted to Mr. J. Whitehead for the loan of his 

 specimen of the Dipper from Corsica. This bird has the upper 

 parts similar to a specimen in my own collection from Pied- 

 mont, but is rather less red on the abdomen, which is some- 

 what paler and browner than that of the bird from Piedmont ; 

 the flanks also are, if anything, rather grejer in tinge of 

 colour. 



I have examined only one specimen of the Dipper from 

 North Africa, the type of Canon Tristram''s Cinclus minor. 

 This specimen somewhat resembles the Pyrenean bird, but is 

 a trifle more rufous on the underparts, having a rather narroAv 

 band of dull rufous bordering the white. It is to some extent 

 intermediate between that form and the bird from Corsica. 



Specimens from Asia Minor are referable to Cinclus kash- 

 miriensis, but difi'er somewhat from the type in having the 

 brown on the back extending only to the interscapulary 

 region — thus further down than in Cinclus melanogaster and 

 C. aquaticus, but not so far down as in examples from further 

 east. Examples from the Taurus mountains have the abdomen 

 rather paler but not rufous, and in some of them the brown 

 on the back extends but little beyond the hind neck. A 

 specimen from Erzeroom, however, has the breast darker, 

 nearly as dark as in some specimens of Cinclus melanogaster. 

 Examples from Persia agree fairly well with the bird from 

 Erzeroom. In Palestine, however, one finds a form (C. rufi- 

 ventris, Hempr. & Ehr,, fide Tristram, Faun. & Flor, Palest, 

 p. 51) which has the abdomen rufous brow n, somewhat similar 

 to the Corsican bird, but the brown on the upper parts extends 

 to the interscapulary region, as in C. kashmiriensis. 



