on the Birds of Chili. 187 



ground are covered with their excrements. The flight is 

 steady, and sometimes they keep at a considerable height, 

 though as a rule they fly low along the water. 



69. Phalacrocorax gaimardi (Garnot). 



(Corral.) 



I found this Cormorant plentiful off" Corral (Valdivia 

 hut not nearly so numerous as P. brasiUanus. They did not 

 appear to come into the harbours or up the rivers, but kept 

 outside a few miles ofl'the land. 



I noticed that they swim with the body up, like Ducks. 

 The local name is " Lile," or " Pajaro Lile," but this is also 

 generally applied to all the other species of Cormorant that 

 occur there except P. brasiUanus. 



The legs, feet, and web of P . gaimardi are of a light coral- 

 red, and the claws are black. The bill is a cadmium-yellow, 

 greenish brown along the top, and at the base of the upper 

 mandible (A.) of a bright orange-vermilion, blending into 

 the yellow (see woodcut). The base of the lower mandible 

 (B) is similar in colour, but not so bright. These birds have 

 the disagreeable odour of other Cormorants, but in a lesser 

 degree. 



A handsome white-breasted Cormorant"^ occurs on the 

 Valdivian coast during winter time, as well as some other 

 species, but they all retire south in the summer time to 

 breed. 



* [Probably P. imperialis. See •'Challenger' Reports, Birds, p. 120. — 

 P. L. S.] 



