Bi7'ds of Spitsbergen. 593 



1888, p. 440) on a colony fonnd by Capt. Johannsen on 

 an island off Cape Smith, 80° 9' N. lat. These birds 

 were breeding there, from 50 to 75 pairs, " close to or only 

 a short way above high-water mark, on low-lying ground, 

 like L. canus, L. fuscus, &c., and not on the cliffs,^^ where, 

 however, their breeding-place has usually been described. 



Ivory Gulls occasionally visited Advent Bay, apparently 

 coming from Stor Fjord and following the passes through 

 the hills, to feed on a heap of dead reindeer. The Ivory 

 Gull may be identified, even in a bad light and at a long 

 distance, by its clean-cut wings, long tail, and especially by 

 its Tern-like flight. 



-1-19. Larus GLAucus, Fabr. Glaucous Gull. 



Of this extremely abundant Spitsbergen bird it is 

 necessary for me to say little. I would only remark upon 

 the curious scarcity of immature individuals. With the 

 exception of one immature bird brought from Danes 

 Island by an excursionist (which, from the light character 

 of the markings, I judged to be in second-year plumage), 

 I did not in all my wanderings see a single example until 

 August 18tli, when three birds, evidently in plumage of the 

 first year, flew round our boat in Horn Sound, one of 

 which I shot and preserved. I remarked the same fact 

 upon Kolguev Island. I presume immature birds keep to 

 lower latitudes than breeding birds. 



i 20. RissA TRiDACTYLA (Linn.). Kittiwake. 



Much has been Avritten upon the Kittiwake " rookeries '' 

 of Spitsbergen, and I have nothing to add. 



. 21. Stercorarius pomatorhinus (Temm.). Pomato- 

 rhine Skua. 



This Skua is exceedingly rare on Spitsbergen. I did not 

 see a single example. Mr. Eaton is worth quoting at 

 length in this connection (Zool. s. s. p. 3812) : — 



" The first Skua in the list was the last species obtained bv 

 us. The chief engineer, Mr. William Forbes, shot it for me 

 near Cape Oetker, in Hinlopen Straits, on the 13th of August. 

 Five others were afterwards killed by our men in the same 



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