46 Mr. Hugh Whistler on the 



A common resident throughout the district. A large 

 series was collected because the birds found at Jhelum were 

 in many cases somewhat intermediate in plumage between 

 Molpastes wtermedius and Mulpastes hajnorrhous, the Red- 

 vented Bulbul of the southern Punjab. 



No hybrids between this species and Molpastes leucogenys 

 were obtained, but in Jhelum itself, where most of my 

 collecting was done, the latter bird is very scarce ; however, 

 on 24th of May at Chakwal, I saw signs of courting rivalry 

 between two M. intermedius and one M. leucogenijs. 



This Bulbul breeds from INIay until August, the majority 

 of nests being found in May and June. 



[The June and Jtfly birds are in worn breeding-dress, the 

 November bird is in fresh-moulted dress. 785 and 834. are 

 juvenile birds moulting into first winter plumage, the wings 

 and tail being moulted as well as the body-featliers. The 

 juvenile dress differs from that of the adult in having the 

 throat and head brown, the under tail-coverts orange-red 

 instead of crimson, and the wing and tail paler brown, the 

 latter with buft' tips instead of white. M. hceinorrhous of the 

 southern Punjab differs from M. intermedius from northern 

 Punjab in having the black of the crown sharply marked off 

 from the hind-neck and in having black ear-coverts instead 

 of brown ; typical birds were obtained by Mr. Whistler from 

 Hissar and Ferozepur, whilst typical M. intermedius were met 

 with at Rawal Pindi. The Jhelum birds are rather difRcult — 

 750, 764', 931, and 1308 are typical M. intermedius; all the 

 other adults, whilst having the brown ear-coverts of M. intei'- 

 medius, have the black crown more or less sharply marked 

 off from the hind-neck as in M. hcemorrhous. As typical 

 M. hcemorrhous was not found at Jhelum, though looked for, 

 it appears that there can be no question of interbreeding, but 

 rather a variation of one race towards the other. — -C. B. T.'\ 



Molpastes leucogenys. The White-cheeked Bulbul. 



735.27.5.1913. Dalur, Salt Range. ^. Wing 91 mm. 



A resident and partial migrant. It breeds very commonly 

 from May to July all over the Salt Range, and numbers 

 descend during the winter to the Chakwal Plateau, where 



