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fungus, Hola-tafa, but the Malagasy made most of 

 their medeeines as infusions and decoctions, not being 

 clever enough to make tinctures ; partly, perhaps, 

 because they preferred to take the spirits raw without 

 the medicinal ingredient in them. There were no fewer 

 than five medicines, including these, for bronchitic 

 and lung affections. The next class were those which 

 were used as medicines for urinary and kidney diseases* 

 and these were somewhat largely patronized by the 

 Malagasy, since about one man out of every three was 

 troubled with some degree of stricture ; which arose 

 partly through their being more or less affected with 

 syphilis, and partly in consequence of their drinking 

 habits and neglect. The third class of drugs were for 

 intestinal worms. The TaimhorontsiV oza, as the 

 Malagasy called it (or Chenupodium ambrosioides) , was 

 used for that purpose. His medical pupils commonly 

 used it as an anthelmintic in place of santonin, and 

 they assured him of its efficacy for that purpose. 

 They certainly could not afford to use santonin, as 

 they would have to wait twelve months between the 

 time of ordering it from Europe and the time of gut- 

 ting it. This was used for round-worms. For tape- 

 worms they used a fruit which was called Tanterakala, 

 but the botanical name of which had not yet been 

 decided. There was another drug, which was really 

 efficacious for flat worms of different kinds. This was 

 called the " Voantamenaka." These were called male 

 and female, for if the Malagasy found one kind of 



