28 The San Jose Scale in Japan. 



VIII. Absence of the scale in high and uncultivated regions. 

 (Refer to Plates V and VI.) 



" I consider it probable that the scale is a native of the more or less 

 elevated regions of Japan, not of the sea coast " are Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell's 

 words ;* considering the professor's wide knowledge and great experience in 

 the Coccidae, no doubt such a statement should be well weighed. The result 

 of our caraful investigation however proves an entirely opposite fa^t, namely 

 that we find the scale most abundant in a low level between 1 to 100 metres, 

 and the more so the less higher th^ region, as clearly shown in the map ; and 

 indeed no scale was found in high regions nor in wild forests. Last summer 

 the writer explored Hakone, Nikko, Mt. Fuji, Asama, Tokasuki. Gante, 

 Hi5'ei and other noted mountains ; he also spent many weeks in the Kiso- 

 monntainous region, the highest portion of Hondo, and crossed over Sennin 

 acm=! l)etween Iwate and Akita-ken, Innai acme between Akita and Yama- 

 gata-ken, Torii acme between Niigata and Fukushima-ken, Shijumagari acme 

 between Okayama and Tottori-ken. He penetrated the deep forests and 

 examined them vary carefully, paying special attention to wild roses, 

 willows, wild nuts etc., but failed to find out the scale, although Diaspis 

 pentagona was very common. In the author's paper on the San Jose Scale 

 in Japanf he says. "In a group of about a dozen wild p3ar trees (Pjrus 

 ToRTMGo) I found one very badly infested by the scale, every p.irt of the tree 

 being covered by the scale even to the roots exposed above the soil. These 

 trees were brought from a mountain about 4 miles from Morioka city for 

 grafting ; many female scales remained on the tree with a small hole in each, 

 through which no doubt the parasites had escaped. I desired very much to 

 go to the mountain to investigate the condition of wild pear trees, but the 

 time would not permit." 



The writer took a speoial trip to that region last Summer accompanied 

 by Mr. S. Iwafuchi, in order to make researches concerning th^ wild p^ar ; 



* Eut. News IX- No. 4, pp 94. 

 t Cont. to Biol, from the Hopkins sea-side Lab. 

 L. Stanford Jr. Univ. Calif., XXV-1901. 



