368* Analytical Synopsis of the Order of Squali. 



union of the Miillerian families of the Carcharice, Triceno- 

 dontes, Galei, Scylliodontes, and Musteli in one, but after the 

 exchision from the first of the hammer-headed sharks which 

 appear to constitute a distinct family {Cesiraciontoidw) recog- 

 nised as such by most of the recent systematists. The reasons 

 for these changes will be hereafter given. At another time we 

 also hope to be able to give the full characters of the families 

 and their respective subdivisions now adopted. 



1. — Artedi was the first to establish and characterize the 

 genera of fishes in the manner of the moderns. In his " Genera 

 Fiscium," published under the auspices of Linnseus in 1738, 

 he thus described the genus Squalus. 



" Foramina Brancliiarum utrinque quinqne, longitudinaliter a lateribus 

 capitis ad pinnas pectorales sita. 



Caput plagioplateum, sed corpus oblongum, ambitu vel rotundo vol 

 anguloso. Cutis aspera. 



Oculi ad latera capitis. Caudaj superior pars inferiore longior. 



Os plerumque in prona parte capitis sen subtus transversim situm." 



The genus thus defined is essentially equivalent to the order 

 of Squali as here adopted ; some species since discovered do 

 not, however, agree with the above diagnosis, the Notidanoidce 

 having six or seven branchial apertures on each side ; but such 

 a structure is abnormal as regards the group, and could not 

 have been anticipated from acquaintance with the forms then 

 known. The S. pristis referred to the genus is a Kay and not a 

 Shark. The Sqiialus squatina also departs in three of its cha- 

 racters from those assigned to the genus, but agrees in the 

 essential feature of lateral branchial apertures. 



The species placed by Artedi in the genus were the following. 

 The names by which they are now known are given after the 

 Artedian. 



Dentibus granulosis prajcliti. 

 1. Squalus rostro longo cuspidato osseo piano utrinque dentato=iVv\s,i\?, 

 antiquorum Shaw. 



