X ] MAN. 137 



wards, is usually ankylosed with the tympanohyal and sur- 

 rounding cranial bones, constituting the so-called " styloid 

 process." This is a condition not met with in any other 

 Mammal. Below the stylohyal the greater part of the an- 

 terior hyoid arch is represented by a slender ligament (the 

 " stylohyoid " ligament), there being no ossification corre- 

 sponding to the Dog's epihyal ; but the ceratohyal {cli) to 

 which the ligament is attached below, is a small bony 

 nodule, the " lesser cornu of the hyoid " of human anatomy, 

 which is articulated synovially to the upper corner of the 

 outer extremity of the basihyal, though sometimes in old 

 age becoming ankylosed. The basihyal ibh), or "body of 

 the hyoid,'' is transversely oblong, hollowed posteriorly, and 

 deeper from above downwards than in the Dog. The thy- 

 rohyals {th) or "greater cornuaof the hyoid," are elongated, 

 nearly straight and somewhat compressed. They usually 

 become ankylosed before middle life with the outer extre- 

 mities of the basihyal. 



The Siniiiiia have the skull formed generally on the same 

 plan as that of Man, with certain modifications in detail. 



The facial portion is enlarged and elongated as compared 

 with the cerebral portion, though to a very variable extent 

 in different members of the sub-order. 



In nearly all, the brain-cavity maintains the same general 

 form as in Man, though it is usually of less comparative 

 vertical extent. With few exceptions, the middle compart- 

 ment for the lodgment of the cerebrum retains its 

 relative situation and superiority in size to the cerebellar 

 and the olfactory fossae, completely overlying them both ; 

 and consequently the occipital region of the skull with the 

 foramen magnum behind, and the cribriform plate of the 

 ethmoid in front, are in the same creneral horizontal line 



