XIII.] MAKSUPIALIA. 213 



external to the margin of the orbit. The palate has a pair 

 of large oval vacuities between the molar teeth. The ptery- 

 goid plates are very thin. The glenoid fossa is rather more 

 expanded from before backwards than m the Dog, and the 

 malar extends so far back beneath the zygomatic process of 

 the squamosal as to form the outer edge of the glenoid cavity. 

 The postglenoid and paroccipital processes are developed 

 much as in the Dog ; the former has rather greater lateral 

 extent. A great ditference is seen in the condition of the 

 tympanic, which in the Thylacine is quite rudimentary, forms 

 no bulla, and is not ankylosed to the other cranial bones, 

 so that in the dried skull it is nearly always detached. On 

 the other hand, the hinder part of the alisphenoid is dilated 

 into an oval thin-walled capsule, which is connected with 

 the front of the tympanic cavity. The periotic is not 

 ankylosed to the squamosal, has a very large floccular fossa 

 within, and a mastoid portion forming a long, narrow strip 

 visible in the outer side of the occipital surface of the skull, 

 between the squamosal and the exoccipital, almost exactly 

 as in the Dog. The exoccipital is perforated by the con- 

 dylar foramen ; but the carotid foramen, instead of passing 

 through the inner edge of the tympanic bulla, perforates 

 the basisphenoid, passing very obliquely forwards and in- 

 wards. The large alisphenoid is pierced by the fora- 

 men ovale near its posterior margin, and by the foramen 

 rotundum near the front. The orbitosphenoid is very small, 

 and not perforated, the optic nerve passing out through the 

 sphenoidal fissure. 



The ascending ramus of the mandible is less elevated 

 than that of the Dog, the condyle being almost on the same 

 level as the molar teeth. The coronoid process has a more 

 backward inclination. The masseteric fossa has a powerful, 

 externally projecting lower border, and the angular process 



