xvii ] PRIMATES. 289 



column. The posterior outlet is also very wide. In con- 

 sequence of the great curve of the sacrum, and the short- 

 ness of the symphysis, the axis of the whole pelvis is 

 strongly curved. 



In all the Sim'iina the innominate bone, especially the 

 iliac portion, is more elongated than in Man ; the anterior 

 outlet of the pelvis is longer from above downwards, nar- 

 rower, and more oblique ; the tuberosities of the ischia are 

 more everted, and the spine and sciatic notches less marked. 

 In the highest forms, such as tlie Gorilla and Chimpanzee, 

 the upper part of the iUum is expanded, flattened, and everted, 

 the iliac surface being even wider than in Man, though much 

 flatter ,; but in the Baboons and Monkeys, the whole ilium is 

 long and narrow, the sacral surface rises considerably above 

 the sacral articulation, the iliac surface is narrow, the gluteal 

 surface is very hollow, and the borders all approximate to 

 straight and parallel lines. In the Old World monkeys 

 the tuberosities of the ischia are greatly everted, and ter- 

 minate in broad, triangular, flattened, rough surfaces, to 

 which the ischial cutaneous callosities are attached. 



In the true Lemurs the pelvis is very wide ; the ilia are 

 long, narrow, and have a sigmoid curve, while the pubes 

 approach each other at the symphysis at a very open angle, 

 giving an elegant lyre shape to the anterior outline of the 

 pelvis. On the other hand, in the genus Loris of the same 

 group (and to a less extent in Tar sins, Ferodicficus^ and 

 others) the cavity of tire pelvis is remarkably narrow from 

 side to side ; the iUa are straight slender rods, from the 

 lower end of which the large, flattened, and compressed 

 pubes project forward at a right angle, forming a prominent 

 keel at the symphysis. 



In the Carnivora the pelvis is generally elongated and 

 narrow, the ilium and ischium beins^ in a straight line, and 



