RUBIACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 109 
PINCKNEYA PUBENS. 
Georgia Bark. 
Pinckneya pubens, Michaux, 7. Bor.-Am. i. 105, t. 18 xvii. 143. — Spach, Hist. Vég. viii. 400. — Torrey & Gray, 
(1803). — Du Mont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, iv. 311. — Fl. N. Am. ii. 37. — Chapman, FV. 179. — Fl. des Serres, 
Willdenow, Hnum. Suppl. 10.— Michaux f. Hist. Arb. xix. 13, t. 772. —Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. i. pt. ii. 23. — 
Am. ii. 276, t. 24.— Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i. 158.— Sargent, Forest Trees N. Am. 10th Census U. S. ix. 95.— 
Nuttall, Gen. i. 187. — W. P. C. Barton, FZ. N. Am. i. 25, Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. pt. iv. 21, £. 6, M-O. 
t. 7.—Sprengel, Syst. i. 705. — Elliott, Sk. i. 269.— De Cinchona Caroliniana, Poiret, Lam. Dict. vi. 40 (1804). 
Candolle, Prodr. iv. 366.— Audubon, Birds, t. 165.— Pinckneya pubescens, Lamarck, JU. ii. 265 (—?).— Per- 
Don, Gen. Syst. iii. 486.—D. Don, Trans. Linn. Soe. soon, Syn. i. 197. — Gertner f. Fruct. iii. 81, t. 194, f. 3. 
Pinckneya pubens is a tree twenty to thirty feet in height, with a trunk occasionally eight or ten 
inches in diameter, and slender spreading branches which usually form a narrow round-topped head. 
~The bark of the trunk is a quarter of an inch thick, with a light brown surface divided into minute 
appressed scales. The branchlets, when they first appear, are coated with hoary white tomentum ; they 
soon turn light red-brown, and are pubescent during the summer and slightly puberulous during the 
first winter, but ultimately become glabrous. The leaves, which unfold in March, are five to eight 
inches long and three to four inches broad when fully grown, and are borne on petioles two thirds of 
an inch to an inch and a half in length. The flowers appear late in May and in the early days of 
June, and are produced in open clusters seven or eight inches across; they are an inch and a half long, 
their petaloid calyx-lobes being sometimes two inches and a half in length and half an inch in breadth. 
_ The fruit ripens in the autumn and is an inch long and two thirds of an inch broad. 
Pinckneya pubens is one of the rarest trees of eastern North America ; it inhabits low wet sandy 
swamps on the borders of streams and is distributed from the coast region of South Carolina to the 
basin of the upper Appalachicola River and its tributaries in Florida and Georgia. 
The Georgia Bark, when in flower, is one of the most beautiful of North American trees. It was 
planted by Michaux in the experimental garden which he established near Charleston, and was sent by 
him to the French horticulturist Cels,! who probably first cultivated’ it in Europe, although, according 
to Aiton,’ it was introduced into English gardens by John Fraser as early as 1786. It is occasionally 
found in old gardens in South Carolina and Georgia, but is rarely cultivated, and has never received 
from gardeners the attention which the beauty and peculiar structure of its flowers would justify. 
1 See ii. 4. 3 Hort. Kew. ed. 2. i. 372. 
2 Cuvier, Recueil des Eloges Historiques, i. 252. 
