FROM THE SECONDARY ROCKS OF BRITAIN. 17 
2. Araucarites Pippingfordiensis. Cone oblong, gradually decreas- 
ing towards the blunt apex. Scales rhomboidal, with a prominent 
central ridge, and an obvious furrow dividing the scale into an upper 
and lower portion. Fourteen to sixteen scales in each spiral series in 
the centre of the cone.— " A cone/' Fitton, Geol. Trans., 2nd series, 
vol. iv. p. 181, pi. xxii. fig. 10. Zamiostrobns Pippingfordiensis, Ung., 
Gen. et Sp. Plant. Foss. p. 300. Pinites Fittoni, Mantell, Geol. Isle 
of Wight, 3rd edition, p. 380, footnote. Araucaria Pippingfordiensis, 
Car., Geol. Mag. vol. iii. p. 250. 
From the Wealden, in a mass of hard greenish grit at Pippingford, 
in Ashdown Forest, very near the highest point of the ridge of the 
Hastings Sands. 
Pippingfc 
g it a 
name, characterized it as a " cone of an unknown species, remarkable 
for the double ridge on most of the scales." Mantell (1. c.) has made 
some mistake as to his Pinites Fittoni. He quotes pi. xxii. fig. 10 
(1. c.) for his species, and says it does not agree with Dammara because 
of the double ridge on the scale. But Fitton compares the cone (fig. 
9, 1. c.) with Dammara. It is, however, evident, from Mantell's re- 
marks, that he means the cone which he quotes. A comparison of 
Dr. Fitton's figures with A. spkterocarpa, and with the recent species 
of Araucaria, belonging to the section Eutacta, has convinced me that 
it belongs to this a*enus. 
G ~ vv uno 5 
Although the Bruton fossil is only a cast of the cone, it is so cha- 
racteristic that it can be certainly referred to its modern allies. The 
single s< d supported on each scale, along with the general form of the 
cone, conclusively establish it to be a true Araucaria. Sir W. J. Hooker 
describes A. Cookii ('Botanical Magazine/ vol. lxxviii. t. 4635) as 
having "two oblong seeds " in each scale,- — a structure at variance with 
the generic character. I have carefully examined a number of scales 
from different cones, and I find that while the form of the cavity is 
different from that of the other species, it is truly unilocular, and con- 
tains a single seed. In its early stage a transverse section of the hard 
integument of the seed gives a dumb-bell-like outline, exhibiting two 
large open canals on either side, which freely communicate round the 
«tise of the seed, while the surfaces of the integument almost approach 
m the centre, and between these surfaces the single embryo is situated. 
As the seed grows, the contracted central portion enlarges, while the 
VOL. V. [JANUARY 1, 1867.] C 
v 
