ALLIED TO TORTULA FALLAX. 325 
elsewhere they are found in Bryological works, generally under the 
synonymous name of Barbula, which latter designation they may pro- 
hahly eventually retain when the present chaotic state of the extensive 
family, of which they form a part, shall have heen reduced to order 
on some more natural plan ; a few species have been placed in Tri- 
chostomum and Didgmodoit, from the importance which has been placed 
in the length of the peristomial teeth. 
For convenience they may be divided into two sections, the first in- 
cluding those species which have their leaves without any erect base, 
and the second comprising those which have an erect base appressed 
to the stem. 
tula f i 
Muse. Frond, i. t. 24, which varies considerably in size and in the 
length of its leaves, and also in the length of its capsule, operculum, 
and peristome ; it is reputed to be a generally common species ; in her- 
baria it is frequently confounded with T. ungniculata, Hedw., which, 
although of the same size, belongs to a different group. 
T. vinealis {Barbula), Bridel, Bryol. Univ. i. p. 830; Bruch. et 
Schimp. Bryol. Euiop. Barbula, t. 10, so far as relates to the form a, 
is distinguished from T. fallax by its more tufted mode of growth, its 
strictly patent leaves with a stouter nerve, which, towards the apex of 
the acute point, is obscure, and not distinguishable from the lamina of 
the leaf; the apex itself is usually tipped with a pointed hyaline cell ; 
when dry, the foliage is appressed, not crisped or contorted; the cap- 
sule is not so cylindrical, and comes to maturity in May, when that of 
T. fallax, ripe in midwinter, has long passed by. This species is com- 
mon in Sussex and Surrey, on mills, especially by roadsides; it appears 
to prefer drv situations. T. gracilis, Schl., is much more nearly allied 
to T. vmealit than it is to T. fallax, but it has yet to make good its 
claim to be considered a British species. 
T. reon-ci folia, WiW-formerly distributed by Mr. Wilson as Grim- 
ma or Sckistidium recum folia, Wils. ms. ; Tortula fallax, 8. recurvi- 
filia, Wils. Bryol. Brit. p. 124 ; Barbula recurvifolia, Schimper, Co- 
roll, et Svnops. p. 170 —is, as usually seen in British specimens, a 
more slender Moss than T. fallax, and has its leaves arranged in a 
tristichous manner, recurved and hooked, both surfaces as well as the 
back of the nerve, which vanishes below the apex, very rough with 
Papilte; when dry, the foliage is appressed ami incurved. Of this 
very distinct Moss I have seen no fertile specimens; it occurs in Scot- 
