DISTRIBUTION OF BRITISH UMBELLIFERJE. 35? 
than half of the British species — extend to temperate Asia. Of the 
British species,* 8 have been found within the Arctic Circle, viz. Cicuta 
virosa, Carum Carvi, Seseli Libanotis, Haloscias Scoticum, Angelica syl- 
vestris, Archangelica officinalis, Peucedanmn palustre, and Ant/iriscus 
■sylvestris ; Carum being an introduced weed in both cases, and Arch- 
angelica is only found as an outcast or near remains of former culti- 
vation in Britain. One, Sanicula Europcea, occurs in tropical Africa, 
extending to the Cape of Good Hope, where Hydrocotyle also occurs, 
the latter only reaching temperate Australia. 
Only 7 of the British species are found in temperate North America, 
namely, Haloscias Scoticum, Archangelica officinalis, Hydrocotyle vul- 
garis, Cicuta virosa, Carum Carvi, and Slum angustifoliuvi ; the identity 
of the latter, however, is somewhat doubtful, and Carum may have 
been originally introduced. Of the whole number, 65 (including 
lledera), there are 44 natives, 2 doubtful natives, 2 denizens, 1 doubt- 
ful denizen, 6 aliens, 4 doubtful aliens, 4 colonists, and 2 incognitae. 
Of the natives 7 are annual, 5 are biennial, and 32 of perennial dura- 
tion. The 2 doubtful natives, Mgopodium Podagraria, and Foeniculum 
officinale, are both perennials. One denizen, Tordylium maximum, is 
annual, and the other, Myrrhis odorata, is perennial; and the only 
doubtful denizen, Smyrnium Olusatrum, is biennial. Of the aliens, 2 
are annual, 2 biennial, and 2 perennial; the doubtful aliens are all per- 
ennial, the 4 colonists are annuals, and the 2 incognitas are perennials. 
We will now proceed to the details of the distribution of each spe- 
cies. 
1. Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L., including H. iuterrupta, Muehl., and 
//. verticillata, Thimb.f Native ; perennial. Area general in Britain 
* Including all mentioned in Watson's ■ Cybele,' whether native or other- 
wise. 
t Mr. Hemsley here combines two very distinct species without having any 
transition-forms to justify such a step. Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L., is by no 
means a widely distributed plant. I have not seen it from any other coun- 
tries but the foUowiriir, viz. Scotland (Gillies !), Wales (Newbould!), England 
(Leighton! Sowerby! E. Forster!), Jersey (JNewbould !), France (Billot ! 
n. 2853), Germany (Seemann !), and Switzerland (Herb. Mus. Brit.). H. 
verticillata, Thunb. (H. interrupta, Muehl., //. vulgaris, var. communis, 
Cham, et Sehlecht.) enjoys a much wider geographical range, having been found 
in the Cape Colony (\Vallieh ! Koberts! Lind.!), Virginia (Mitchell!) Caro- 
lina (Beyrich!), Massachusetts (Greene!), California (Chanusso), Jamaica 
(Wright! Swartz!), Port Jackson (R. Brown!), Gipps' Land (F.Mueller!), 
and the Sandwich Islands (U. S. Expl. BxpeA !). It is easily distinguished 
from //. vulgaris, Linn., by i\- glabrous petioles, 1 1- nerved leaves, and uni- 
formly brown fruit not emarginate at base.— B. Seemann. 
