INTERNATIONAL BOTANICAL CONGRESS. 205 
— z the — series, the other two divisions iei that series being con- 
vert stamens. He refers to the a affin 2d Hernandia (recognised 
m ely a sect a 
these plants, further arguments in support of the correctness of his notion. 
Evidences of ME relationship are also deduced from the structure of their 
ovaries and the attachment of their ovules, and the author finally arrives at 
the sra that Lauracee are “ Combretacee, with a superior ovary and 
sepaloid petals.’ 
Mr. W. EaRLEY.—''On the Preparatory Formation of Trained 
Wall-fruit Trees." 
The auge sets forth B the present system of pruning trained trees in the 
nurseries is objectionable, on the ground that the too iw use of the knife in- 
jures and ps. Seren. the constitution of the tree when i young state, and 
is one cause of wall-trees shrivelling and dyin E It is also ike of a too 
gross after-growth, and (nen wi unfruitfulness. He adv ege in place of 
the present system, summer pinching, which attains the en sought in less 
time, and produces a sounder tree, more favourable to remo 
Professor osea. Breslau.—1. “On the Arrangement of Alpine 
Plants in our Gardens.’ 
our hi e 
cal ge ography About 450 of the flowering plants of German 
Horse. may be looked on as truly alpine, and of these about two-thirds 
are grown in the ea Botanic Garden; some in ogee others — out in 
i i ongst various kinds 
plants are arran dip in groups roconling to the levels at which they grow in 
their native habitats. In this way the relation of vegetation to altitude may 
be seen at a glance. 
2. “ Paleeontology and our Botanic Gardens.” 
The author draws attention to the intimate connection between recent and 
any, and gives 
Mr. S. HIBBERD, London.—* On the Ped of Plants." 
“The importance of botanical nciat ce, art, and litera! 
Classical origin of many of the names of Mini puces of plants divided 
into two ideis natural and artificial. = of artificial names at the 
present time ; objections to them.— Proposed revision of botanical lists. —Pro- 
posed establishment of a board of botanical dde r 
