INTERNATIONAL BOTANICAL CONGRESS. 207 
Mr. Rivers, Sawbridgeworth.—1. “On the Culture of Fruit in 
Unheated Glass Structures.” 
A brief history of — arii the latest improvements in their construc- 
tion and ventilation. A s account of the kinds of trees to plant in them. 
i he tree i 
entered into. The iain of the finer kinds of Americ us car in peas 
houses is recommended, gnd that of Pears and Plums s mug. ouched on 
“ On Dessert Orange Culture in England.” 
aper describes the perfect success of the culture of Oranges for some 
Deer The method aby which es e made to ripen their fruit per- 
fectly in about eight months, so that rip idrico may be placed on de Efe 
eie after the late kinds of Pons or aite gar es. The m ligible 
kinds E Ordinis for English culture are named. e on me of their 
man: nagement and the proper temperature of | the Dessert Orange house 
give 
Professor Scuuttz BreoNTINus, Diedesheim.—* On Composite.” 
Professor ScHULTZ SCHULTZENSTEIN, Berlin.—‘ On the Presence 
and Source of Nitrogen in Turf or Peat, with reference to its Use as a 
Manure for Plants." 
The author in this paper controverts the opinion of most chennin gat 
plants derive the carbon and nitrogen which they contain from the 
from * Practical experi 
ence contradicts this theory." The a c 
p s to use as a manure, from the quantity of nitrogen that it con- 
tains, and which obviates the n essity sing animal ur nitrogen 
[o originates from the remains of animal life in it, such as infusoria, 
worms, moll ete. Turf does not decompose so a ly as ani ai ser ure, 
but it is on that account the more efficacious. The author has n vies 
advantage in adding bone-dust (phosphate of um to the turf, which, ina 
contains a sufficient quantity of that substance 
P. H. Vox SrEBoL», Leyden.—1. “ Sa le Cédre du Japon, Cryp- 
eue Japonica, Don." 
* Sur les plantes nouvelles et rares d'ornement et mud. du 
ox cultivées dans mon jardin d’acclimatation à Leiden. 
Signor TaraNa, Kew.—“ Sur les manuscrits et magnifiques dessins 
de l'expédition botanique du nouveau royaume de Grenade, dirigée par 
Mutis et qui sont conservés à Madrid." 
Mr. Ropert Warner, Broomfield, Chelmsford.—** On Cool Vinery 
Orchids.” 
M. Hermann WENDLAND, Herrenhausen.— Note on the Culture 
of: Palms." 
The author, in this paper, insists ecd the paramount necessity of supplying 
Palms with an abundant supply of wate: 
