380 NEW PUBLICATIONS. 
regards “the Fungales and Lichenales as having no representatives 
among Phanerogamous plants, like the higher Cryptogams, and even 
the Algales remotely," and accordingly in his system he places them in 
a separate position at the commencement of the sections of Crypto- 
gams. The method by which he traces affinities will be more apparent 
to our readers, if we give a specimen in the author's own words. He 
thus explains the relation of the Mosses to some of the other members 
of his Balanophoral division, at p. 13 :— 
“ That the Epigynous Exogens, or, as I have termed them, the Balanophoral 
division, are really related to the Bryacec, may, I ead be assumed, because 
the involucre (perianth) of Jungermanniacee may be regarded as analogous to 
the involucre so remarkable in the Epigynous families, especially in Chame- 
uciacee, Calyceracee, and Dipsacacee ; the dense inflorescence of some 
Bryacee (50 archegonia on one stem) may be a near approach to the densely- 
crowded spikes of Balanophoracee. A further comparison is offered in the 
close resemblance in appearance between the paraphyses of the riens and the 
paraphysiform filaments occurring in the inflorescence of Heloside and other 
sections of th r; and it may also be confidently anticipated ae Bryacee 
will agree with Ba na in the clare character of parasitism 
(vide Linn. Proc. vol v. p. 50). It appears to me not improbable that the 
calyptra is a carpel, and if so, may not the theca be a Sete ise seed, its 
operculum an embryotega, and its inversion a tendency to become anatropous, 
as in the Conifere? And although the theca, as thus understood, represents 
an ovule, yet, as it has internally the structure of an anther, as far as regards 
the production of spores (like the ovules of Passiflora when producing pollen), 
he occurrence of a columella in the anther of Mysodendron punctulatum may 
be a very singular coincidence in structure between Loranthacee and Bryacee, 
rally at its base, but not always ( Sphagnum) instead of towards the apex ; and 
the peristome to a tuft of scales on the apex of the half-superior ovary of 
Centradenia.” 
- He proposes to arrange the vegetable kingdom in the following six 
great divisions :—Ist. The Endogens, or race of the Ricciacee ; 2nd. 
e Balanophoral or Epigynous division, or the race of the Bryacee ; 
3rd. The Chloranthal or Corolline Scale division, or the race of the 
Lycopodiacee ; 4th. The Ceratophyllinal or Dorsal Placentation division, 
or the race of the Marsileacee ; 5th. The Casuarinal or Amentaceous 
division, or the race of the Marattiacee ; and 6th. The Platano-proteal 
or Labiatifioral division, or the race of the Platanacee. 
