REVISION OF THE NATURAL ORDER HEDERACER. 53 
represented by P. guinguefolium and P. trifolium. Both these species 
have a dimerous ovary and five petals, quincuncial in estivation, the 
latter character assigning them a place amongst the Araliacee proper ; 
whilst Linnzus's third species (P. fruticosum) has petals valvate in 
estivation, and therefore stands as the type of the genus Nothopanax 
in my Revision of Hederacez. If the species referred to Panax by 
authors are examined, it will be found that but few agree generically 
with P. quinguefolium and P. trifolium; but that all those that do 
agree have the same habit and partake of similar medicinal properties, 
being perennial herbs, with tuberous roots, and with verticillate, digitate 
leaves, terminal solitary simple umbels, and coloured berries; more- 
over, they are distributed .geographieally over North America and 
Eastern and Central Asia. I therefore restrict the genus to these 
species only. It will be seen that these views are at variance with 
those advanced by Decaisne and Planchon (Revue Hortic. 1854, p. 105), 
who shift P. guinguefolium and P. trifolium to Aralia, retain the name 
Panax for P. fruticosum, and unite with it the genera Polyscias, Forst. ; 
Cheirodendron, N utt. ; Pseudopanaz, C. Koch; and Maralia, Pet. Thouars. 
Bentham and Hooker f. (Genera Plant. p. 938) entertain similar 
views with regard to shifting P. quinquefolium and P. trifolium to 
Aralia, the retention of the generic name Panag for P. fruticosum and 
its allies, and the union of Cheirodendron and Maralia with their 
Panar; but they exclude, as I had previously done, Polyscias and 
Pseudopanaz. Yet, even with these two latter genera removed, 
Bentham and Hooker’s Panax remains ill-defined. Having excluded 
Pseudopanaz, the learned authors ought to have removed Cheiroden- 
dron along with it, as that genus is so closely allied to it as almost to 
justify those desirous of forming large genera to unite the two. Oli- 
goscias (Maralia ?), which the two authors also incorporated with 
Panag, has nothing to do with that genus as defined by them, having 
ruminate albumen, which would entitle it a place among their tribe 
Hederee. 
Panax, Linn. Gen. n. 1166, ex parte.—Char. gen. emend.: Pedi- 
celli articulati. Flores calyculati, polygamo-monoici. Calycis margo 
obscure 5-dentatus. Petala 5, ovata, acuta, eestivatione quincunciali. 
Stamina 5, filamenta brevissima ; authere ovate v. oblong. Ovarium 
2- v. per excessum 3-loculare, loculis l-ovulatis. Drupa baccata, didymo- 
compressa (colorata), 2- v. per excessum 3-loculare. Semina in loculis 
