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if the heat is too oppressive, for the night's work. He 

 passes them one by one, or two by two, through the 

 crusher, consisting of a couple of small grooved verti- 

 cal rollers, and worked by a lever from above. These 

 machines, very compact and simple, are easily repair- 

 ed, when out of order, on the premises, by the mistree 

 or native Carpenter. The juice falls unflltered into an 

 earthen vessel, from which it is poured into an open 

 and shallow pan in which the liquor is boiled down to 

 a proper density, and then poured for cooling into a 

 circular mould made of Bamboo matting. These form 

 the goor, which has the appearance of a cake of bees- 

 wax, the raab or jaggery is made in a similar way, 

 except that the juice is not concentrated to such an 

 extent as when making goor- The raah is stored and 

 sold in earthen jars. That a vast amount of fermenta- 

 tion changes crystallisable, into uncrystallisable sugar 

 of glucose is obvious, but the ryot is by no means to 

 be induced to use more scientific processes, so blindly 

 does he stick to his most erroneous practices ; and it 

 may be said, that, since more than a century, native 

 sugar industry in India, has not been improved by an 

 iota. 



From the goor or jaggery, a better class of sugars 

 is made, the goor chucJcees or cheeses are broken up 

 and mixed with water in a pan or evaporator. Fresh 

 cow's milk is then added in certain proportion and 

 coagulates the impurities which are skimed off. The 

 content of ^he pan is then filtered through a cloth and 



