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their rico grounds ; a section of the shale being thus 

 exposed, the lower layers of which are somewhat 

 indurated while the upper are still quite soft. In this 

 state are numerous impressions of the leaves of three 

 or four species of exogenous plants and also of the 

 stem of a large cyperaceous plant. I could discover 

 no traces of animal organism... A few days after, I 

 went to see some other ponds on hilltop, of whose 

 existence I learned from enquiry of the natives. The 

 water in the crater near Antanimena was very shallow 

 and full of water plants, prominent among which 

 were a specie of xyris (X. capensis) which was in 

 flower and very abundant, the harefo (a specie of 

 Eleocharis near E. sphacelata) and a Cyperus (C. 

 Baroni ? or C. elegans ?) I had no means of measuring 

 either the size or depth of the crater, bat judged it to 

 be about 20 yards long by 70 wide. It was oval in 

 shape. The rim of the crater was from 12 to 20 yards 

 deep. There was an exit for the water to the south or 

 south-west. The breach had evidently been made simply 

 by the erosion of superabundant water and not by any 

 outflow of lava. There were no fragments of lava or 

 scorige lying near. — About a mile to the south west of 

 the volcanic vent there is another, though somewhat 

 smaller oae, which also contains water, having marsh 

 and aquatic plants chiefly round its margin. — After 

 leaving this, Mr. Baron and his friend went to visit 

 two more craters a mile or two to west of the one 

 near Antanimena ; on reaching the top of one of the 



