20 Mr. H. Seebohm on the 



to tlie Caucasus, Examples obtained by Michailovsky are 

 undistinguishable from Indian and Siberian skins of M. duk- 

 hunensis; but the validity of this species requires confirmation. 



MOTACILLA LUGUBRIS. 



The Pied Wagtail has been recorded from the Caucasus ; 

 but, in the absence of any skins from this locality^ we must 

 consider the statement to be improbable. 



MOTACILLA BOARULA. 



The Grey Wagtail breeds. in the mountain-valleys of the 

 Caucasus up to the limit of perpetual snow, and is only seen 

 in the plains during migration. 



Mot AC ILL A FLAVA. 



The Blue-headed Wagtail breeds in the Caucasus, but does 

 not ascend the mountains to any great elevation. 



MOTACILLA VIRIDIS. 



The Grey-headed Wagtail passes through the Caucasus on 

 migration. 



MOTACILLA MELANOCEPHALA. 



The Black-headed Wagtail breeds in the plains of the 

 Caucasus. 



Anthus spinoletta. 



The Water-Pipit is recorded by Nordmann from the Cau- 

 casus ; but recent travellers have not obtained it. 



Anthus arboreus. 



The Tree-Pipit is very common in the forests of the Cau- 

 casus during the breeding-season. 



Anthus pratensis. 



The Meadow-Pipit is said to pass through the Caucasus only 

 on migration. 



Anthus campestris. 



The Tawny Pipit breeds in the Caucasus, and was described 

 from there by Meuetries as Anthus rupestris. 



Troglodytes europ^us. 



The Common Wren is a resident in many parts of the 

 Caucasus. 



