Contributions to Bird-Anatomy and Classification. 19 



structures concerned in the formation of the hard framework 

 of the lower larynx, or " syrinx/' Garrod's investigations 

 into this subject therefore mark a new line of departure ; and 

 it is exceedingly to be regretted that only one part of his 

 notes on the subject were completed before his death, these 

 forming his paper " On the Conformation of the Thoracic 

 Extremity of the Trachea in the Class Aves. — Part I. The 

 Gallinse^'''^, the last contribution of his pen to ornithological 

 science. There is every reason to believe that this line of 

 research, when prosecuted further, will lead to most valu- 

 able results as a means of separating, on anatomical grounds, 

 allied genera or families of birds f. Of his investigations of 

 the lower larynx of the Passeres I propose to speak later, 

 under that head. 



In the remaining part of this paper I propose to consider 

 the results arrived at, from the consideration of these and other 

 anatomical features, by Prof. Garrod as to the relationships 

 of various obscure forms of birds, and also to describe certain 

 remarkable peculiarities of others as first discovered by him. 

 In these remarks, as before, I shall, for convenience sake, 

 follow, as nearly as possible, a chronological order, reserving, 

 however, till the last any general views on the classification 

 of birds as a whole. 



1. StruthioX- — lu this paper, written in conjunction with 

 Mr. Frank Darwin, the principal point of interest is the dis- 

 covery, or, at all events, first notice, of a peculiar nodule of 

 bone lying on the centre of the pubis, and, in some respects, 



V * P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 354-380, figs. 1-35. 



t A second part of Garrod's notes on the trachea, describing that of the 

 Cuculidse, I found in a nearly complete state amongst his MSS.,as well as 

 a very considerable mass of drawings and notes on this subject in other 

 groups, it having been the special object of his study up to within a very 

 few weeks of his death. Indeed, during all his last illness, when too weak 

 to attend to larger and less convenient objects, he continued to work away 

 with all his old enthusiasm and energy at the windpipes of birds, espe- 

 cially those from the extensive collection of Procellariidfe &c. made by 

 H.M.S. ' Challenger.' 



I- X " Notes on an Ostrich lately living in the Society's Collection," 

 P. Z. S. 1872, pp. 356-303. 



c2 



