38 Major J. Biddulph on the Birds of Giigit. 



that is to say, in the main valley for forty-three miles from 

 the Indus, and in the side valleys within that rise up to their 

 crests, except the great Huiiza valley, of which only the lower 

 twenty miles belong to Giigit. By going higher up the main 

 valley, and taking in a larger area, more species might be 

 recorded ; but the list would lose in completeness without 

 gaining in interest. 



The large number of specimens brought away by me has been 

 carefully gone through by my friend Captain G. F. L. Mar- 

 shall, who has taken a large share in the preparation of this 

 paper. In some cases he has added notes of his own, as 

 designated by his initials ; and I am indebted to him for the 

 identification of many species. 



1. VuLTUR MONACHUS, Linn. 



Not common. I saw a pair soaring over a dead ibex on 

 the 5th May, at about 12,000 feet elevation, among more than 

 a hundred G^/ps hhnalayensis. The black colour and square 

 appearance made them very conspicuous. 



2. Gyps tulvescens (Hume)*. 



A summer visitor only. One, a female, shot in July, and 

 many others seen. On 5th May, out of over a hundred Vul- 

 tures observed closely over a dead ibex, not a single one of 

 this species was noticed. 



3. Gyps himalayensis (Hume). 



Very common in summer at over 10,000 feet, in winter 

 at 6000 feet. On one occasion I had a snap-shot at a 

 Markhor going tip the hill-side, and thought I had missed. 

 Immediately two of these birds came and perched close by. 

 This caused me to send a man up to look ; and he found the 

 wounded beast walking slowly along, shot through the brisket, 

 which had not been enough to disable it. The big birds had 

 spotted it at once. 



4. Neophron- percnopterus (Linn.). 



I saw a single Neophron on the 21st April, 1879, which I 



* [This species is, I believe, entered here through an error for which I 

 am responsible. Major Biddulph's specimen seems to be an immature 

 brown-coloured example of 6'. himulaymsis (Hume). — J.S.] 



