584 Mr. J. Scully on the 



186. CoLUMBA LiviA, Bonap. 



I cannot agree with Major Biddulph that we have two 

 species of Pigeon of this type in Gilgit. I paid much atten- 

 tion to these birds^ shot scores of them, and preserved the 

 palest and darkest specimens ; and after careful comparison 

 of my series, I have no hesitation in saying that the dark 

 typical C. intermedia does not occur in the district. But, on 

 the other hand, our birds are not typical C. livia ; they vary 

 greatly in tint, but are always a little darker than European 

 C. livia ; the colour of the rump ranges from pale grey to 

 white. Specimens showing every gradation of colour between 

 C. livia and C. intermedia have been recorded, and several 

 names have been proposed for these intermediate forms ; but 

 as it is admitted that there is no constancy in the coloration 

 of these races, it seems best to retain only two names for the 

 extreme forms. I class the Gilgit pigeon as C. livia, seeing 

 that it is nearer to that form than to C. intermedia. 



187. CoLUMBA RUPESTRIS, Pall. 



This Pigeon is not uncommon in the lower valleys in 

 winter, but in summer is only found at high elevations ; I 

 have shot it at an elevation of 5000 feet as late as the 9th 

 April. Neither in my Gilgit examples, nor in a large series 

 from Tibet, China, &c. can I detect any white shoulder- 

 patch, such as is mentioned by Major Biddulph [antea, p. 92). 

 Gilgit specimens agree perfectly with the type of C leucozo- 

 nura, Swinhoe, in Mr. Seebohm^s collection. 



188. CoLUMBA LEUCONOTA, Vig. 



I obtained a specimen in the middle of October at an 

 elevation of about 8000 feet. 



189. TuRTUR FERRAGO (Evcrsmaun) . 



This Dove is common in the district in summer, and breeds 

 there ; it arrives in the third week in April. 



In ' The Ibis,^ 1880, p. 68, Captain Wardlaw-Ramsay has 

 discussed the question of the distinctness of the present form 

 from T. orientalis (Lath.), and has shown clearly that the 

 only difference between the two supposed species lies in the 

 colour of the lower tail-coverts and tips of the rectrices, T. 



