128 THE AMERICAN MONTHLY [Api*., 



taken by Dr. E. Cutter with the celebrated 1-75 inch objective. 

 For comparison, Dr. Reyburn showed a negative of blood taken 

 by the late Dr. Woodward with Zeiss 1-12 inch objective. 



Dr. V. A. Moore presented a paper upon Distinguishing the 

 Typhoid bacillus from the Bacillus coli. They cannot be dif- 

 ferentiated morphologically even with the aid of the microscope. 

 He has made extensive observations upon the flagellffi in the 

 hope to do so but has failed. It is found however, that when 

 introduced into a 1 percent solution of glucose peptonized boui- 

 llon the B. coli causes fermentation with the formation of gas 

 and the typhus does not. Fermentation tubes were exhibited 

 proving this fact. By request, Dr. Moore also described the 

 method of plate culture for isolating different species of bacteria 

 and of securing pure cultures for use in experimentation. He 

 exhibited the Bacillus of typhoid fever under the microscope. 



Dr. Alleger explained his method of testing suspected water 

 for typhoid germs. If water contained, as it might, a score of 

 other germs in connection with the typhoid, the plate-culture 

 method of separating them would require longand tedious o})era- 

 tions. But it has been found that at a certain degree of tem- 

 ])erature many of these will remain inert, while with an acid 

 medium and temperature36°C. the typhus and only a very few 

 others will grow. By producing these conditions a great num- 

 ber of harmless species are eliminated from the work and the 

 method of finding the deadly typhus much siiortened. 



NEW PUBLICATIONS. 



Investigations on Microscopic Foams and on Protoplasm.. By 0. 

 Butschi. 8° London, 1894. Price 18s. 



This is a translation by E. A. Minchin of Merton College, Ox- 

 ford. It covers ex})eriments and observations directed towards 

 a solution of the question of the physical conditions of the phe- 

 nomena of life. Prof. Butschli discovered all gradations be- 

 tween scattered vacuoles and a completely alveolar or reticular 

 structure. He then succeeded in making foams which under 

 the microscope presented the reticulaied appearance of proto- 

 plasm. He also discovered streaming movement and actual 

 progression in these foams. Properties heretofore attributed 

 only to living protoplasm are thus found in (living?) foam. 



