1897J MICROSCOPICAL JOURNAL. 11 



same regions ia the limbs of all the vertebrates? Note 

 that the shape of the body is that of a fish as to the post- 

 aldomen which is compressed and used in swimming 

 when the animal is in the water, while anteriorly the 

 head and to a less degree the trunk are flattened from 

 fibove downward, in relation to terrestrial life. Study 

 the distributio7i of color noting the general naked skin 

 black in color, with yellow spots; note that in some cases 

 the patterns of the right and left sides seem to abruptly 

 fitop in the middle dorsal line. In the larger specimens 

 there are no traces of median fins but in younger speci- 

 mens even though they have attained considerable size 

 and are living on land there are sometimes decided in- 

 dications of the dorsal fin; and in occasional large speci- 

 mens there are decided vestiges of gills. If it is possi- 

 ble you should observe the locomotion of the animal: on 

 land by running on the legs with extreme bendings of 

 the body in the same lines as in swimming: in the water 

 commonly by walking but when excited by svyimming, 

 in which case the limbs are entirely unused. Conjpare 

 the external form with that of other vertebrates, as 

 you did in studying the fish. 



2. The Head is divisible into a cranium, which 

 hardly appears externally; and i\\%face, which both in 

 front and on the side and below composes the bulk of the 

 head* Note the rounded front and broad flat hinder part 

 of the head and the very large gape of the mouth which 

 literally opens from ear to ear. Observe and locate the 

 two nostrils anterior nares; cut away the skin behind one 

 and find the nose chamber; explore its boundaries, note 

 its smooth mucous lining, olfactory mucous membrane; kh^ 

 in the outer and hinder angle note the posterior nares; 

 pass a bristle through this and note that it emerges in 

 the mouth chamber. Examine the eyes, as to location, 

 size and shape. Do you find lids? Cut away the surround- 



