1897] MICROSCOPICAL JOURNAL. 127 



of Fraenkel while not yet })roven the sole cause of pneu- 

 monia is considered by many authorities to bear a casual 

 relation to the disease, doing on to the blood examina- 

 ations, hero the condition, number and relation of the 

 red and white blood corpuscles are the only means by 

 which we can distinguish between chloi'isis and anajmia, 

 and anaemia and leukaemia. While Laveran's experi- 

 ments in 1880, demonstrating the presence in the blood of 

 the Plasmodia malariae, have been corroborated by other 

 investigators in his own country and by many in this, 

 he thus made malaria a definite disease. The Doctor 

 proceeds to speak of the revolution of o[)inions in regard 

 to the causative factor in typhoid fever. Babes and 

 Brieger are quoted as expressing doubt as to the Eberth 

 bacillus being the sole and only cause. Babes fails to 

 find it in every case, while Brieger claims a mixed infec- 

 tion. Vaughan, of this country, in 1890, made experi- 

 ments and demonstrated the presence in drinking water 

 obtained from the source of the water supply of a town 

 suffering from a severe epidemic of typhoid fever, of a 

 number of germs capable of producing in rats and guinea 

 pigs the characteristic symptoms of typhoid fever, and 

 invariably fatal. Some of these germs found in the spleen 

 after death, respond to the tests for the Eberth bacillus, 

 Vaughan concludes from this that there are found incert- 

 ain waters a number of germs capable of producing typh- 

 oid fever, and that the Eberth bacillus is an involution 

 form of any one of these. In conclusion the Doctor 

 urges the profession in the report of all cases to add the 

 results of microscopical and chemical analysis of the ex- 

 cretions and secretions indicated. — Charlotte Medical 

 Journal. 



Liquid Metal Polish. — Take 8*ounces of rotten stone, 

 2 ounces oxalic acid, 3 ounces cotton seed oil and add ben- 

 zinc enough to make the mixture of the required consist- 

 ency. 



