280 THE AMERICAN MONTHLY [Sept 



any other acute affection, and can be utilized to differen- 

 tiate from pneumonia or typhoid fever. 



Each paroxysm being the ripening of a new generation 

 of parasites, the fever corresponds to their sporulation 

 and a saturation of the blood with toxines liberated from 

 the red blood cells. It is a chemical hemodyscrasia, or, 

 as ManiKiberg aptly puts it, a "protozoan sepsis," anala- 

 gous to that discharge into the blood -steam of infective 

 material observed in septico-pyemia. 



We fully comprehend any clinical form of fever, when 

 we realize that the fever is a toxic manifestation and 

 that as often as the parasites segment, fever occurs. 

 Hence two generations of tertian parasites cause quoti- 

 dian fever, also caused by three generations of quartan 

 parasites of unequal age. Quotidian continued fever 

 accompanied by splenic tumor, the diazo-reaction, and 

 even roseolsB or slow pulse, may cause difficulty in diag- 

 nosis from typhoid fever, especially as typhoid may be 

 attended with chills and sweats. The blood examination 

 speedily differentiates and Widal's serum test for typhoid 

 is of great aid. The splentic tumor and bone pains are 

 explained by the phagocytic process in their substance, 

 the hemoglobinuria, diarrhea, retinae and other hemor- 

 ahages by the toxemia, the cerebral symptoms, as coma, 

 convulsions or bulbar symptoms, by aggregations of the 

 parasite in the cerebral vessels with thrombosis. 



Casts of Bacillaria from the London Clay. 



By ARTHUE M. EDWARDS, M. D., 



ISreWARK, N. J. 



The Ljudon clay is lower Eocene resting on the Cre- 

 taceous and is below the Miocene Tertiary. The Eocene 

 has not been examined in this and other countries for 

 the diatoms in it but they are probably there. 



Mr. W. S. Schrubsole sent me some specimens from the 



