244 



PARASITES OF FLIES 



500 pupae of three Tachinid families were placed in a vessel and 

 126 ChalcididcE hatched out." He gives a careful account of the 

 process of ^gg laying. 



Figure 31 represents a species of the genus Pteronialiis, 

 bred on several occasions by the writer from the pupa; of 

 C. erythrocephala. Figure 32 represents an ichneumon-like fly 

 belonging to the family Bracoiiidce from the pupa of a flesh-fly 

 (5. carnaria). The larvae of the flesh-fly pupated in the autumn 

 of 191 2, and flies emerged from some of the pupae in the following 



Fig. 32. Braconid from pupa of flesh-fly. 



spring. From other pupa; large numbers of braconids appeared. 

 Three of the parasitized pupae contained 10, 13 and 14 braconids 

 respectively. 



Very little attention has yet been paid to this subject but 

 careful study might reveal new and important facts, which might 

 be utilised in the artificial control of flies. 



