slightly arcbed. Lower jaw prominent, month large. Head 

 destitute of scales, with a depression above. Jaws, palate 

 and tongue furnished with teeth, though frequently rudimen- 

 tal or entirely absent in old specimens. Scales large, silvery 

 and deciduous. Abdomen sharp, and indistinctly serrated, 

 with about thirteen scutes behind the ventrals. Dorsal sub- 

 quadrangular, longer than high. Pectorals short, rounded. 

 Ventrals inserted below the middle of dorsal fin. Anal sub- 

 equal, narrow, highest in front. Caudal small, forked, with 

 pouches. Back and head deep blue, tinged with yellow- 

 Opercles yellowish, tinged with violet. Irides silvery ; pupils 

 black. Length, 12 to 13 inches. 



Fin-rays :— D. 17-20 ; P. 18 ; V. 9 ; A. 16-18 ; C. 2!:^ 



Chipea harengus, L. Syst. Nat. I, p. 522; Mitch. Americ. 

 Monthl. Mag. II, p. 323 ; Richards. Franklin's Jour., p. 716, 

 and Faun. Bor. Amer. Ill, p. 229. 



— elovgala, Lesueur, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. I, p. 234 ; 

 Storer, Rep. Fish. Massach. p. Ill ; DeKay, New York Faun. 

 Fish. p. 250 ; Storer, Mem. Am. Ac. VI, p. 330, pi. 26, fig. 1. 



This well known herring is found in some seasons, aid 

 chiefly those following a severe winter, in the ocean off Wor- 

 cester county, though not often in very great numbers. 

 Whether this is owing to the fact, that seines are hauled 

 rather seldom in early spring, or that they prefer the more 

 northern parts of the Atlantic, is questionable. The fisher- 

 men of Chincateague Island say, that they are sometimes 

 seen in large shoals. 



Acad. Coll. 



LXIXa— SPHyRNID.ffil. 



SPHYRNA, Raf. 

 8, zygcena. 



Hammer-Head Shark. 



This fish has a cylindrical, elongated body. The surface is 

 rough when rubbed forwards ; under the lens it appears to be 

 covered with plates, fluted with minute deep parallel striae. 

 Head three times broader than long ; it is elongated trans- 



