°'l9ll J Wood, Warblers in Wayne County, Mich., in 1909. 21 



autumn leaves. There was a perceptible west to east movement, 

 a few continually arriving and departing. We watched them sev- 

 eral hours but could detect no immature birds nor abnormal 

 plumages. Twenty-two species were counted, the greater num- 

 ber being Chestnut-sided and Blaekburnian, closely followed by 

 Magnolia and Black-throated Green, while at the other extreme 

 were the Tennessee, Orange-crowned, Panda and Cape May. 



The sexes are so near alike in such warblers as Nashville, Ten- 

 nessee, Orange-crowned and Palm that even in spring, without 

 the birds in hand, no one can acquire an accurate idea of the rela- 

 tive abundance of the two sexes, nor the amount of time the 

 males precede the females, while in autumn, age becomes an im- 

 portant factor. Age and sex were determined from specimens 

 collected and constitute the value of the following list. 



Black and White Warbler (Mniotilta varia). — The river 

 district was not suitable and only five were observed all spring, 

 a male May 1, two on the 2d and a pair on the 19th. Common 

 inland both spring and autumn. Noted a male and female Octo- 

 ber 16. Not observed during the summer. 



Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptcra). — A com- 

 mon summer resident in some sections. Forty-five were counted 

 in the large flock May 16, which is the most I have seen together. 

 Last for the year, August 22, when twelve were counted, including 

 old, young and both sexes. 



Nashville Warbler (Vermivora rubricapilla) . — The two seen 

 May 8, and the four on the 9th, were males. Fourteen, May 15, 

 were of both sexes and the most seen in one day. Eleven, May 19, 

 were the last in spring. Seen only on the river district in autumn; 

 an adult male September 12 and another on the 19th. 



Orange-crowned Warbler (Vermivora celata). — Three in the 

 large flock, May 16, the two examined being a male and female. 



Tennessee Warbler (Vermivora peregrina). — Tolerably com- 

 mon on the river district May 15 to 27, both inclusive. The 

 females appeared with the males from the first day and in equal 

 numbers. A male in the large flock May 16 and two in the same 

 woods May 23 were the only inland records for the year. An 

 immature bird, September 12, in the river district was the only 

 autumn record. I have given the warblers close attention, begin- 



