1911 ] Honywill, Birds of the < 'rooked Lake Region, Minn. 235 



41). Quiscalus quiscula aeneus. Bronzed Crackle.— Rather 

 uncommon during the summer, but small flocks are sometimes seen during 

 the latter part of August. 



50. Carpodacus purpureus purpureus. Purple Finch. — Occa- 

 sionally observed around the camp in the latter part of summer. 



51. Astragalinus tristis tristis. Goldfinch. — Very abundant. 

 A nest containing five eggs was found on August 23, 1910. 



52. Passer domesticus. Exulish Sparrow. — First appeared in 

 this immediate vicinity in spring of 1907. They attempted to take posses- 

 sion of the Martin houses, but several were shot and the rest scared off. 

 Each year since then war has been waged upon them, and they have not 

 as yet become troublesome. 



53. Pooecetes gramineus gramineus. Vesper Sparrow. — Along 

 the road to Emily, and wherever tracts of sufficient size have been cleared, 

 or are not overgrown with brush, the Vesper Sparrow is quite common. 



54. Ammodramus savannarum australis. Grasshopper Spar- 

 how. — It is not unusual to hear the song of this rather shy and unob- 

 trusive bird, coming from the brush and fields along the road from Outing 

 to Emily. 



55. Zonotrichia albicollis. White-throated Sparrow. — The song 

 of this characteristic bird may be heard at almost any hour of the day. 



56. Spizella passerina passerina. Chipping Sparrow. — Quite 

 abundant, especially near the camp. Several nests were observed in the 

 lower branches of the pines. 



57. Spizella pusilla pusilla. Field Sparrow. — Common along the 

 road to Emily, where there are several cultivated fields, but rare elsewhere. 



58. Melospiza melodia melodia. Song Sparrow. — Very common. 

 A nest, located near the outlet of Crooked Lake, was situated in a bush, 

 about six feet from the ground, and contained three eggs on July 24, 1910. 

 Another nest was found in a bush overhanging the water and only about 

 two feet from it. 



59. Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus. Towhee. — 

 Common in the brush, where their song is continually heard. 



60. Zamelodia ludoviciana. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. — Not un- 

 common. A pair were seen July 28, 1907, and a female Aug. 21, 1910. 

 They are occasionally observed on the drive into camp. 



61. Piranga erythromelas. Scarlet Tanager. — Rather uncom- 

 mon. 



62. Progne subis subis. Purple Martin. — Common. The farm- 

 ers as a rule erect some kind of a nesting box and these are usually occu- 

 pied. In three cases I have found Martins nesting in holes in dead trees, 

 and I believe it is not an uncommon practise in this locality. In 1904 

 three Martin houses on the camp were each occupied by a single pair of 

 birds. In 1905 there was no increase. By 1907 we had put up five houses 

 of various kinds and four of these were in use by five pairs of birds. In 

 1908 there was a small increase in our flock. The next vear two of the 



