M J5 Tm ] Widmann, Birds of Estes Park, Colorado. 309 



Locally common were the Brewer's and Red-winged Blackbird; 

 the former on short- and long-grass meadows and in the village 

 itself; the latter only on wet meadows. Both species occurred in 

 flocks at Fork's at the middle of July. Of Swallows the Violet- 

 green was the most common and generally distributed, but in the 

 centre of the village the Eave was the most numerous, with nests 

 on cliffs as well as under eaves. 



Of Woodpeckers, the Red-shafted Flicker was the only one which 

 could be called common; but the two Sapsuckers, the Red-naped 

 and Williamson's, although not numerous, appeared so at times 

 through their habit of flying long distances to fetch food for their 

 young, thereby crossing and recrossing continually valleys, roads 

 and buildings. Numerous without appearing to be common 

 because of their diminutive size and quiet ways were the Pygmy 

 Nuthatch and the Mountain Chickadee. The Chippy, present 

 at or near every settlement, did not play a conspicuous part, being 

 rather shy and silent. The Pine Siskins were more in evidence, 

 though less numerous, by their fearless manner in feeding by the 

 wayside in small troops. Very prominent without being really 

 numerous were the Magpies and Long-crested Jays because of their 

 large size, loud voice, and gregarious habit, at least at the time of 

 our visit, when they moved in family groups with constant 

 chattering. 



Lists of the birds of Estes Park have already been published. 

 Vernon Lyman Kellogg's ' Notes on some Summer Birds of Estes 

 Park, Colo.' was published in 1890 in the Transactions of the Kan- 

 sas Academy of Science, Vol. XII. His observations were made 

 during the summers of 1886-89. He noted 60 species and added 16 

 species on the authority of Gilbert Pierce, formerly of Lamb's 

 Ranch, Estes Park. Richard C. McGregor's ' Birds of Estes Park,' 

 observed in July and August, 1893, was published in 'The Nidol- 

 ogist,' Vol. IV, pp. 3-5, January, 1897. He mentions 58 species. 

 Comparing these lists with the present one we find that some change 

 in the bird fauna has been going on during the seventeen years 

 since McGregor made his observations. The principal difference 

 seems to be in the addition of eastern species, which have advanced 

 through the foothills deeper into the mountains with the settlement 

 of the valleys. 



