416 



Craig, Emotion in the Passenger Pigeon. 



rAuk 

 Loct. 



although the tone is never musical the cry is highly expressive, 

 just as the tones of voice in speaking and shouting are expressive. 

 This utterance is probably analogous to the ordinary kah of the 

 Ring-Dove, which, you will remember, has no analogue at all in 

 the Mourning Dove. 



The following notations (Nos. 1-20) of the scolding, chattering 

 and clucking of the Passenger Pigeon, I made as accurately as I 

 could by ear, in Professor Whitman's aviary. 



Alighting on a perch among a lot of other birds. 



No. i. *= 120. 



cuck - uck - uck cuck 



Timbre, a chest-tone, much like the 

 low clucking of a hen. Not loud. 



Fighting, Quarreling. 



No. 2 . * = 135. 



-m-m-m-m 



~ br-»»- 



-g U — U=3r 



No. 3. 

 ■ -c- -F-. -» ■ ••-_-*- -m-_ 



:g=g 



-J£=&. 



m 



-Kzgzfe— *—*--*- 



No. 4- *= '35- 



No. 5. 



_-*-_-»-_£_ n _. — * — m — «_>»:__r«_&«_ b*_ $-.- 

 *— *— *— *— *— *-ftzz=&—*--9 — *— gzrzrgzzrgzdrs:: 



No. 6. f=iS 



No. 7. *= 180. 



:gzs~gr=-E=5rffZ5-er3=iar5rrfr-n-te ~~*- 



:g — g— g 



'_ :?: it-*- tt«- I?*- 3- m- j>- 



-»» — 1» — » — g — g- 



No. S / 



■ — be — *»_ 



!===gz=g=^=gzz=:gz=g = g- 



Masterfully, toward female. 



180. jf 



Given with one flap of wings, see p. 420. One flap of wing toward female 



at a female on perch. with each double note. 



No. 11. mf 



l=zm — m — m — «zr_* — * — 

 3 = g__gz=g— gzrg— g~ 



For c'rcumstances, see p. 420. 



Gently, toward mate. 



No. 12. (*= l8 °- No - x 3- 

 *■ -m-_ m n _ mf _ 



No. 14. ff ■■ 



a* 



mf 



it: 



n=r: 



-- — m — m m- 



J *z=g= p =g zpz 



*^ Given by male when just Given on alighting on nest For circumstances, see p. 420. 



about to tickle female's head. when female there. 



