J 6 Mearns, Arizona Mountain Birds. [Januaty 



northern limit of the numerous ranges extending from the 35th 

 parallel to the Sonora line, and from the 109th to the 113th degree 

 of longitude. Grouped around it are numerous lesser peaks, 

 mostly volcanic also, highest of which is Mt. Kendricks, having 

 an altitude of about 10,200 feet. 



From the San Francisco Mountains, a ridge extends southeast 

 which separates the waters of the Little Colorado from those of 

 the Gila. This is known as the Mogollon Range, while its south- 

 eastern spurs are known as the White Mountains. These ranges 

 are well wooded, containing some of the finest timber to be found 

 in the Territory. They are also fairly well watered by streams 

 and springs, are adorned with many beautiful parks and elevated 

 valleys, and covered with rich grasses and herbage. 



West of the Mogollon, and running parallel with that range, 

 is the Sierra Mazatzal. Its course is east of the Verde River, and 

 south to Salt River. Its slopes and summit are covered with an 

 abundance of pine, juniper, and oak : water is found in several 

 streams and springs, and its valleys and foot-hills are covered with 

 a line growth of grasses and vegetation. 



Between the Mazatzal and Mogollon are several detached spurs 

 ami short ranges. The largest of these — the Sierra Ancha, situa- 

 ted in what is known as Tonto Basin — is a flat-topped mountain, 

 some thirty miles in length, covered with one of the largest and 

 finest bodies of pine timber in Arizona. 



Between the Salt and Gila Rivers are many mountain groups, 

 some of which attain a considerable elevation. The most promi- 

 nent are the Superstition Range, which rears its lofty and rugged 

 front east of the great plains, stretching between the Salt and the 

 Gila ; the Pinal Range, which runs nearly parallel with the Gila, 

 and whose northern slopes are heavily timbered ; the Salt River 

 and Apache Mountains, south of Salt River; the Gila Range, 

 Sierra Natantes, and the Sierra de la Petahaya. Nearly all of 

 these offshoots from the main ranges are well watered and tim- 

 bered. 



The vast region west of the Verde River, and extending from the 

 Great Colorado to the Gila, is crossed by numerous mountain ran- 

 ges. , Running parallel with the former stream, and west of it, are 

 the Verde Mountains. The northern end of this ridge is called 

 the Black Hills, and is a massive elevation, covered with a heavy 

 growth of timber. The northern slope of the Black Hills is 



