i$9o.j Riker And Chapman. Birds at Santarem, Brazil. 133 



There appeared to be very little difference in the comparative 

 abundance of birds on my two visits ; on either occasion one 

 could take the field and in a very short time secure sufficient 

 specimens to keep him busily employed in skinning for the rest of 

 the day. 



The abundance of stinging ants, each kind of tree seeming to 

 be inhabited by a species of its own, lends to the efforts of an 

 oologist a spirit of vituperation not tending toward enthusiastic 

 and careful research. Until an effectual protection has been dis- 

 covered, against the fiery stings of these tree ants, it will require 

 more to induce a lazy Brazilian Indian to climb a tree than an 

 enthusiastic oologist can provide. The only species found breed- 

 ing were : Arundinicola leucocephala, Br-otogerys v/rescens, 

 Busarellus nigricollis, Leptoptila crytJirotliorax, two species 

 of Cryptums, and several species of Flycatchers. 



My collections, amounting in all to about four hundred speci- 

 mens, I forwarded to Mr. Robert Ridgway for determination, the 

 resulting new genera and species being described by him in the 

 'Proceedings of the United States National Museum' (Vol. IX, 

 18S6, p. 523, and Vol. X, 1S87, pp. 493-494. 516-528, and 545). 

 Certain additional specimens were identified by Mr. J. A. Allen, 

 and I have now to thank my friend Mr. Frank M. Chapman for 

 arranging my notes and for adding such remarks to this paper as 

 a further study of my specimens renders necessarv. 



[In order to make the list of Santarem birds as complete as 

 possible I have included certain species not met with by Mr. 

 Riker, but found by other collectors who have worked in the 

 same field, giving in every case the authority on which these 

 records are based. The sources from which these additional data 

 have been procured are as follows: (1) 'A List of Birds col- 

 lected by Charles Linden, near Santarem, Brazil,'* by J. A. Allen ; 

 (2) a small collection of birds made by Mr. Williams, who col- 

 lected at Santarem from May to October, 1SS3. Mr. Williams is 

 not now living, and it is to be regretted that his collections have 

 become dispersed. A portion of them were purchased by Mr. J. 

 M. Southwick of Providence, Rhode Island, from whom Mr. 

 Riker secured a number of specimens, and a small mounted col- 

 lection was presented by Mr. Williams's parents to the Museum 



*Bulletin Essex Inst. VIII, 8, 1876, pp. 78-83. 



