2 1 8 Notes and News. [April 



As a matter of convenience we use for a permanent record pages on 

 which the species likely to be met with are printed in systematic order 

 down the left hand margin. These pages are ruled both horizontally 

 and vertically, and the vertical columns headed with the days of the 

 month, so that a space is given for the entry of each species under each 

 day. This greatly facilitates the making of the original entry, and upon 

 subsequent reference to it the history of the occurrence and abundance 

 of any species during the period of observation may be read at a 

 glance. 



When it happens to be impossible to make an exact count — as is 

 sometimes the case with a large flock of birds — the fact of the number 

 recorded being only an estimate can be indicated by attaching to the 

 figures anv arbitrary sign to suit the fancy of the observer. Similarly, 

 signs and abbreviations can be used to indicate that a species was in 

 flocks, was apparently migrating, was singing, etc. As a rule, how- 

 ever, such facts can be more profitably treated at greater length in the 

 note-book proper. 



Hoping that others may be induced to follow this plan, and so with 

 but little trouble greatly increase the scientific value of their field-work. 

 I am, 



Respectfully yours, 



C. F. Batchelder. 

 Cambridge, Mass., 

 March 14, 1890. 



NOTES AND NEWS. 



Dr. Ladislas Tackzanowski, an Honorary Member of the American 

 Ornithologists' Union, died at Warsaw, Russia, on January 17, 1S90, at 

 the age of seventy years. For many years he was director of the Zoolo- 

 gical Museum of Warsaw. His numerous important publications on the 

 ornithology of Siberia, Northern Africa, and South America, made him 

 one of the leading ornithologists of the world. His principal special 

 work, his 'Ornithologie du Perou,' in three octavo volumes, was pub- 

 lished in 1884-S6, and forms a most useful handbook of the ornithology 

 of the region treated. 



Since the publication of the By-Laws of the American Ornithologists 

 Union in 1887, the following Articles and Sections have been amended to 

 read as follows : 



Article I, Section 3. Associate Members shall be residents of North 

 America, and shall not be limited in number. 



