320 Clarke on Birds from Hudson's Bay. [October 



Fort Churchill was,* doubtless, an interesting and singularly 

 favorably situated station for ornithological work, for it combined 

 several important advantages. It lay at the mouth of the great 

 river after which it took its name, and in proximity to the sea, and 

 must thus have been an exceptionally good locality for observing 

 and obtaining migratory species. But it had further advantages, 

 for in its vicinity lies the northern limit of forest growth, and 

 hence the boundary to the range of woodland species; while just 

 beyond this natural barrier are those desolate arctic wilds, not in- 

 appropriately alluded to by Sir John Richardson in the 'Fauna 

 Boreali- Americana' as the * 'Barren Grounds," a region, however, 

 affording a congenial summer haunt for Waders, Ducks, and other 

 birds for which the far north offers peculiar attractions. 



It is a matter for regret that no data accompany the specimens, 

 which represent seventy-seven species, but it should be remarked 

 however, that each bears a label upon which is written "Churchill 

 Fort, Hudson's Bay, Dr. Gillespie, Junr." The classification 

 and nomenclature adopted are those of the A. O. U. Check- 

 List, while the species have been determined in accordance with 

 the same authority, as set forth by Mr. Robert Ridgway in his 

 excellent and useful ' Manual of North American Birds.' The 

 writer alone is responsible for the naming of the specimens. 



Colymbus auritus. — An adult in summer plumage. 

 Urinator imber. — An adult in summer plumage. 

 Urinator arcticus. — An adult in summer plumage. 

 Urinator lumme. — An adult in summer plumage. 

 Stercorarius pomarinus. — An adult. 



Stercorarius parasiticus. — An adult of the melanistic form. 

 Larus Philadelphia. — A young bird in first plumage. 

 Sterna paradisaea. — a, b, adults in summer plumage. 

 Merganser serrator. — An adult male. 

 Anas boschas. — An adult male. 

 Anas carolinensis. — a, b, adult females. 

 Anas americana. — An adult male. 

 Charitonetta albeola. — «, b, adult males. 



Clangula hyemalis. — a, adult male in summer plumage; b, adult 

 female in summer plumage ; c, adult female in transition plumage. 

 Oidemia americana. — An adult male. 

 Botaurus lentiginosus. — An adult. 



* The word was is used advisedly, for it seems doubtful if the station is now main- 

 ained. 



