"i,p"i:i ' I Wbight, Morning Awakening and Evensong, 517 



Warblers, of Golden-crowned Kinglet, Blue-headed Vireo, and 

 Wood Pewee. Purple Finch is not heard until 3.59, and Red- 

 breasted Nuthatch until L15, although I had been within hearing 

 earlier. Leave wood at 4.23 o'clock. On July 4 a second similar 

 record was obtained in the same location. 



Two other records were taken on July 8 and 12, when the posi- 

 tion chosen was just outside the woodland and within the big field. 

 One of these will serve for illustration. July 8, sunrise 4.11; out 

 at 2.18; fair, wind south; temperature 70°; small waning moon 

 bright. On the ground at 2.35. Not a sound of any kind along 

 the way. At 2.38 a Song Sparrow sings once; up to 2.48 no other 

 note; light of dawn is now quite apparent; at 2.49 Alder Flycatcher 

 sings once, and again at 2.52 and 2.54; Song Sparrow gives second 

 song at 2.55 and sings again at 2.59; Vesper Sparrow sings, 2.55, 

 and again at 3.00, 3.01, and 3.03; at 3.04 the Vesper's is the only 

 constant voice; Oven-bird gives flight song at 3.05; second bird 

 is heard in flight song at 3.08 and 3.15; Indigo Bunting sings, 3.08; 

 Wood Pewee, 3.09; the voices of Alder Flycatcher and Vesper 

 Sparrow are constant now; Hermit Thrush's nasal call is heard, 

 3.10 (time of song inadvertently not recorded); Olive-backed 

 Thrush's call, 3.11, and song, 3.12; Veery calls, 3.13; Scarlet Tana- 

 ger sings, 3.1G; Maryland Yellow-throat once at 3.17, again at 3.19 

 and continues; White-throated Sparrow, 3.19, full song, two birds 

 singing; Savannah Sparrow, 3.20, and continues; Chipping Spar- 

 row, 3.21; Junco, 3.25; Mourning Warbler, 3.28; Canada Warbler, 

 3.29; Chestnut-sided Warbler, 3.30; now there is a full chorus; 

 Black and White Warbler, 3.36; Crow calls at 3.40; Red-eyed 

 Vireo sings, 3.43; Winter Wren, 3.48, not earlier, as I had been 

 listening with care for the song; is constant in song after first heard; 

 Sapsucker calls at 3.58, as it clings to a hemlock; leave field at 

 3.59, closing the record. 



The four records taken near the lower bolder of the wood and 

 at the <'<\i:<' of the big field show that the Alder Flycatcher is often 

 the first bird heard, as in the midst of the woodland the Wood 

 Pewee was first on each occasion; that Song Sparrow is usually 

 second, when not first, with a single song followed by repetitions 

 rather infrequently, a second bird often singing immediately or 

 very soon after the first and also giving repetitions of its song 



