"i'.,'i ; WEIGHT, Morning Awakening and Even-song. 521 



tained wholly in June on days <>r earliest sunrise or wholly in July 



on days of later sunrise. For instance, seventy minutes before 

 sunrise on June 20 is 2.52 o'clock, while on July 15 it is .'LOG o'clock. 

 A series of records in June would, therefore, be at an earlier hour 

 by the watch than a series of records in July. Many species 

 included in the list have both June and July records, but two or 

 three have only or mostly June records, as Phoebe, Kingbird, Tree 

 Swallow, and Bluebird, while several residents of the woodland 

 have only July records. The clock-time named for the former, 

 therefore, is relatively earlier than the time named for the latter. 

 Thus the clock-record assigned each species as to first song is not 

 so exact as the number of minutes before or after sunrise, which is 

 e\a<t and definite for any date. So on the latter basis the species 

 have been ranked in the table of awakening which follows. This 

 was not done in the first, paper, but the variation in time of sunrise 

 was regarded as negligible. I find that it should not be so regarded, 

 if one would attain accurate data. 



The weather conditions were very uniform throughout the 

 period in which the records of 1912, which have been combined, were 

 taken. Every morning was fair and without wind. The .lime 

 days were somewhat cooler than the July days. In the earlier 

 part <>f June the weather had been continuously cold with frosts 

 on the eighth and tenth days. There was much cloudiness with 

 frequent rains, and winds were prevalent. A hot dry spell began 

 on July 2 and continued to July 18, modified somewhat after the 

 tenth day. Little rain fell. The conditions up to June 20, there- 

 fore, were unfavorable for obtaining satisfactory records, but on 

 and alter that date they were very favorable. In the season of 

 1913 propitious weather came earlier, and the records, sixteen in 

 aumber, were obtained between June 8 and July 9 inclusive. 



The view was expressed in the first paper that it seemed not 

 unlikely that bright moonlight had no effect to awaken earlier 

 the early-singing birds. Later experiences modify somewhat this 

 view, as on June 19, 1 9 1 3, the morning after the fulling of the moon, 

 when it shone brightly at the time of morning awakening, some of 

 the earliest-awakening birds made a demonstration unusually 

 early. The Tree Swallow was in the air in song flight at 2.15, forty 

 minutes or more before his customary time; a Kingbird passed 



