Vol -*^^ IV ] Hubel, Summer Birds of Nipissing, Ontario. 49 



frequently clothed with moss. Here and there hills with steep 

 faces rise to a height of a hundred feet or more. Although lumber- 

 ing operations have been conducted over almost all of this area, 

 very few clearings exist, as the surface is unfit for agriculture. 

 Here and there forest fires have left their ghastly trails behind. 



Among the principal forest growths are Norway, white and 

 jack pine, tamarack, cedar, balsam, and other hardy timber. 

 The second growth is usually birch and poplar, principally the 

 former. The small shrubs are of various species. Although the 

 shores are generally rocky and wooded to the water's edge, con- 

 siderable marsh land is to be found which affords suitable breeding 

 grounds for water-fowl. The largest of these is at the head of 

 Lake Temiskaming, which covers several hundred acres. 



While the present list is in no sense complete, I have preferred 

 to exclude many species which in my mind were doubtful, especially 

 where specimens could not be procured. 



1. Gavia imber. Loon. — Nearly every day one or more of these 

 birds were observed flying over the lakes. They undoubtedly breed. 



2. Larus argentatus. Hkrring Gull. — Common on Lake Temis- 

 kaming. We were told by a native that they breed on a small island 

 at the upper end of the lake. Also observed on Cross Lake. 



3. Aythya affinis. Lesser Scaup Duck. — Several birds observed 

 with their young on Lake Temiskaming. 



4.. Branta canadensis. Canada Goose. — One observed flying over 

 Cross Lake on August 2. 



5. Botaurus lentiginosus. American Bittern. — Common about 

 the marsh land of all the lakes. 



6. Ardea herodias. Gkeat Blue Heron. — This species is very com- 

 mon, especially along the marshy creeks where they feed. 



7. Actitis macularia. Spotted Sandpiper. — The tip-up is abundant 

 along the rocky creeks and along the beaches of the surrounding lakes. 



8. Dendragapus canadensis. Canada Grouse. — Common through- 

 out the timber lands. Many females were observed with their young. 



9. Accipiter velox. Sharp-shinned Hawk. — One bird observed 

 August 2 on a telegraph pole about half a mile below Cobalt. This was 

 the only one met with. 



10. Accipiter cooperi. Cooper's Hawk.— A large adult of this 

 species was observed August 12. 



11. Haliaeetus leucocephalus. Bald Eagle. — One adult flew over 

 Cobalt Lake, July 18. 



12. Falco sparverius. American Sparrow Hawk. — Four of this 

 species were seen along the railroad south of Cobalt. 



