196 Stone, Changes in Generic Names of American Birds. [April 



him Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat., II, 1843, p. 786, type "L'Aigle — 

 Autour Urubitinga de Cuvier." 



Antrostomus Gould, 1838, becomes Antrostomus Bonap. 

 1838. — The Gould reference is entirely erroneous. Dr. Richmond 

 gives me Bonaparte, Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, p. 8, as the earliest 

 citation, type (first species) Caprimulgus carolinensis Gm. 



Sayornis Bonap. 1854, becomes Sayornis "Bp." Gray, 

 1855. — In Bonaparte's paper, Compte Rendus, XXXVIII, 

 1854, p. 657, this genus is introduced thus: "Sayornis nigricans 

 Bp.," with no description and nothing to indicate what the 

 "nigricans" is intended to refer to. It is a nomen nudum and 

 must date from Gray, Cat. Gen. and Subgen. of Birds, 1855, p. 

 146, where Tyrannula saya Bp. is given as the type. 



IV. Changes due to the Rule of Tautonomy. 



The enforcement of this rule, i. e., "If the name of a genus is 

 the same as the name or synonym of one of its included species, 

 that species shall be the type," fixes absolutely the types of many 

 genera upon species now recognized as such but entails a few 

 changes where other species have been currently selected as types. 



Phalaropus Briss. 1760, becomes Lobipes Cuv. 1817. 



Crymophilus Vieill. 1816, becomes Phalaropus Briss. 1760. 



Tautonomy fixes the types of nearly all the Brissonian genera, 

 as tins author was accustomed to call one of his species by the same 

 name that he applied to the genus. In only one instance has this 

 action been ignored in selecting the types of his genera, namely in 

 the case of Phalaropus, the usually accepted type of which is Tringa 

 lobata L., while the species called Phalaropus by Brisson is Tringa 

 fulicaria L. By accepting the latter as the type we shift Phalaro- 

 pus to the "Red Phalarope" which thus replaces Crymophilus 

 Vieill. For Phalaropus of the Check-List we must revive Lobipes 

 Cuv. 1817, Regne Anim., I, p. 495, based solely upon Tringa 

 lobata L. 



Cceligena Less. 1832, becomes Cyanol^emus nom. nov. — The 

 species upon which Cceligena was originally based (Ind. & Synop. 

 gen. Troch., 1832, p. XVIII), included Ornismyia cceligena Lesson, 

 which by tautonomy is the type. Unfortunately Lampropygid 



