Vol i907" IV "l S TONE i Changes in Generic Names of American Birds. 199 



is done by Salvadori in the British Museum Catalogue, XX, p. 203, 

 we must adopt Conuropsis, the name he proposed for it. 



Cyanospiza Bd. 1858, becomes Passerina Vieill. 1816. — Pas- 

 serina Vieill. 1816, becomes Plectrophenax Stejn. 1882. 



The type of Passerina Vieill., Analyse, 1816, p. 30, by the first 

 species rule is the Indigo Bird, Tanagra cyanea L., and using the 

 name in this sense, as was done in the original Check-List, we must 

 also revert to Plectrophenax Stejn. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, p. 

 33) for the Snow-flake. 



Acanthis Bechst. 1802 (not 1803), becomes Linaria Bechst., 

 1802. — The type of Acanthis Borkhausen, Deutschl. Fauna, I, p. 

 248, 1797, where the name first appeared, is, by the first species 

 rule, the European Goldfinch, Fringilla carduelis L. ; so that this 

 name becomes a synonym of Carduelis. For the Redpolls we must 

 adopt Linaria Bechstein, 1802, Ornith. Taschb., type (first species) 

 Fringilla cannabina Linn, which is generally regarded as congeneric 

 with F. linaria. 



The types of several other genera change by this rule but fall 

 upon congeneric species. 



The type of Anthus is A. arboreus Bechst. (Alauda trivialis L.). 



The type of Carpodacus is Pyrrhula rosea [= Fringilla rosea 

 Pallas]. 



The type of Aix is Anas galericulata L. 



A reservation of the new code exempts Linnsean genera from the 

 operation of the first species rule, their types being as indicated by 

 Linnseus himself, the best known species. There is general con- 

 census of opinion on all but two of these genera, namely Tetrao 

 and Colymbus. The type of the former is T. tetrix by tautonomy. 



With regard to Colymbus, Americans take C. cristatus as the 

 type and use the term for the Grebes, British and most European 

 authors take C. arcticus and fix the name on the Loons. Both 

 species are common Scandinavian birds so that there is no indica- 

 tion of a type by following Linnaeus's instructions. Other methods 

 failing we must accept the first species, C. arcticus, as the type and 

 use Colymbus for the Loons, reviving Podiceps Latham, 1797 (cf. 

 antea) for the Grebes. 



