11)11] Food Habits of American Gall Midges 57 



■coryli Felt was reared from leaf folds on hazel, Corylus virginica. 

 An undescribed species of Cystiphora Kieff. was reared from a 

 very inconspicuous swelling on Viburnum leaves. A departure 

 from the normal food habit in this tribe is seen in Coccidomyia 

 pennsylvanica, an undescribed species belonging to a new genus 

 and reared from Lecanium scales. 



This series of generalized gall-making forms is continued in 

 the tribe Oligotrophiariae, separated from the preceding only 

 by the simple claws. The more generalized genus, Phytophaga 

 Rond. exhibits a connection with the preceding tribe in the 

 possession by P. destructor Say., of claws with rudimentary 

 teeth. As is well known, it hardly makes a gall, depending for 

 protection upon the leaf sheath. P. ulmi Beutm. occurs in 

 the buds of elm, P. violicola Coq. curls the leaves of violet, 

 while several species of this genus typified by P. rigidae 0. S. 

 live upon Salix, making galls similar to those produced by spe- 

 cies of Rhabdophaga. Janetiella asplenifolia Felt was reared 

 from a fleshy fold on the mid vein of sweet fern, while J. brevi- 

 cauda Felt was obtained from the typical gall of Lasioptera 

 vitis 0. S. on grape. The genus Oligotrophus Latr. is repre- 

 sented by the European 0. betulae Winn., which affects the seeds 

 of birch, while O. salicifolius, an undescribed species produces 

 a flatfish, ovoid gall on Salix leaves. The genus Rhopalomyia 

 Rubs, contains a large number of species and exhibits a marked 

 partiality for Solidago, producing upon various species of this 

 plant genus a considerable number of flower and bud galls, the 

 large rosette deformities of apical buds being characteristic. A 

 few species of this genus also occur upon the allied aster and 

 Artemisia. The larger species of Sackenomyia Felt are re- 

 stricted to Salix, while one small species at least, has been reared 

 from Viburnum. Walshomyia Felt is found in the fruit of 

 Juniperus. 



The tribe Lasiopterariae exhibits a high degree of specializa- 

 tion in venation at least, and we find in this group a marked 

 restriction in food habits. The genera Lasioptera Meign. and 

 Neolasioptera Felt live almost exclusively in subcortical stem 

 galls, a large proportion of the species occurring upon Solidago, 

 though a considerable variety of other plants are subject to 

 attack. Asteromyia Felt, like the two preceding genera, 

 exhibits a marked preference for Solidago, though a number of 

 species occur upon aster. It is noteworthy that a large major- 



