ANNALS 



OF 



The Entomological Society of America 



Volume IV DECEMBER, 1911 Number 4 



MONOGRAPH OF THE GALL-MAKING CYNIPIDjE 

 (CYNIPINJE) OF CALIFORNIA. 



By David T. Fuixaway. 

 INTRODUCTION. 



All the gall-making species of the hymenopterous family 

 Cynipidae are included in the natural group or division 

 Cynipinae. Other members of the family, which is well repre- 

 sented in California, are parasitic on dipterous, coleopterous, 

 and wood-boring hymenopterous larvae.* The gall-making 

 species have been collected and studied by a number of American 

 students, including Osten-Sacken, Bassett, Ashmead, Gillette 

 and others, but previously no thorough systematic collecting 

 of the galls or flies has ever been attempted to the writer's 

 knowledge, and the descriptions of the California species are 

 scattered through the various entomological periodicals of the 

 past thirty-five or forty years. 



In 1906, Miss Rose W. Patterson, (now Mrs. C B. 

 Blakeman), a student of entomology in Stanford University, 

 under the direction of Professor Kellogg, began a systematic 

 collection of the galls occurring in the vicinity of Stanford 

 University and of San Jose, California, which extended through 

 several years, the range of her collecting being widened on 

 several occasions by excursions into the northern part of the 

 state. To these collections there were added the contributions 

 of students and other interested persons from different sections. 

 Specimens bred from this material were carefully labelled and 

 preserved by Miss Patterson with voluminous notes, but her 

 removal from the university prevented the completion of the 

 work of identification and description, and the whole collection, 

 was recently turned over to the writer to be worked up. The 



* They are also recorded from Hemerobius and Aphidae. 



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