THE GENERA HYPERA AND PHYTONOMUS 



(Coleoptera, Family Curculionida?) 



IN AMERICA, NORTH OF MEXICO.* 



By E. G. Titus, Sc. D. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Introduction 383 



Acknowledgments '. 384 



History of the genera and group 386 



Characters of tribe Hyperini 389 



Life-history of the group 391 



Food-plants of the Hyperini in America 393 



Habits, injuries and control 393 



Genera Hypera and Phytonomus, characters of 394 



Table of species 395 



Hypera punctata 396 



Phytonomus eximius 412 



Phytonomus quadricollis til 



Phytonomus comptus 415 



Phytonomus diversipunt talus 421 



Phytonomus seriatus . 42ii 



Phytonomus trivittatus 428 



Phytonomus maritimus 432 



Phytonomus castor 433 



Phytonomus pubicollis 434 



Phytonomus meles 435 



Phytonomus nigrirostris 442 



Phytonomus postit us 452 



INTRODUCTION. 



The genera Hypera and Phytonomus belong to the tribe 

 Hyperini, a member of the subfamily Curculioninae of the 

 Coleopterous suborder Rhyncophora. 



Both genera are well distributed over the northern hemi- 

 sphere, being especially abundant in Europe, the last catalog 

 of Heyden, Reitter and Weise listing in Phytonomus from 

 " Europae caucasi et Armeniae Rossicae" 64 species, 3 varieties 

 and 21 aberrations. 



In America Leconte in 1876 listed 9 species, three of which 

 are European. Since that time, we know of the introduction 

 of two more European species. The present paper includes 

 13 species. One Phytonomus has been described from Mexico 

 and in South and Central America are a number of species of 

 Phelypera, a very closely related genus. 



In the present paper will be treated only those species 

 known to occur in America, north of Mexico, of the genera 



* Revised from a thesis submitted as a partial requirement for the degree of 

 Doctor of Science at Harvard University, May 1, 1911. 



Contributions of the Entomological Laboratory, Bussey Institution, 

 Harvard University, No. 39. 



383 



