476 CARNIVORES. 



one situated near the base, and the middle lobe is produced into 

 a strong conical laniariform crown. The canines (c) are curved, sub- 

 compressed ; the enamelled pointed crown forms nearly half the 

 length of the tooth, is smooth, without any groove ; it has a slight 

 internal depression and a posterior, not very sharp, ridge in the 

 upper tooth. The premolars {p) have strong sub-compressed conical 

 crowns gradually enlarging from the first to the third in the upper, 

 and to the fourth in the lower jaw, and acquiring one or two ac- 

 cessory posterior tubercles as they increase in size. The fourth upper 

 premolar presents a sudden increase with the sectorial form : its blade 

 is divided into two cones by a wide notch, the anterior cone being 

 the strongest and most produced ; the tubercle is developed from 

 the inner side of the base of this lobe. The first and second upper 

 molars (to) are tuberculate ; each supports two external cusps, and has 

 a broad, internal, subtuberculate basal talon ; but the second is very 

 small, less than half the size of the first molar. The first true molar 

 below is modified to form the opposing blade to the sectorial tooth 

 above; retaining the tuberculate character at its posterior half (fig. 3, 1): 

 the blade is divided by a vertical linear fissure into two cones, 

 the posterior being the largest : behind this the base of the crown 

 extends into a broad, quadrate, trituberculate talon. The second 

 molar has two anterior cusps on the same transverse line, and 

 a posterior broad flat talon : the last lower molar is the smallest 

 of all the teeth ; it is sometimes bituberculate, as in the Wolf, 

 Dog, and Jackall, sometimes presents an additional talon, as in 

 the Canis lagopus, and is sometimes entirely wanting, as in the 

 Canis primavus. 



The incisors, canines, and first premolars {p 1) in both jaws have 

 each a single fang : the next two premolars above, and all the others 

 below have two fangs, which are usually connate in the second 

 of the lower jaw : the upper sectorial premolar has three fangs, 

 two anteriorly on the same transverse line, and a large and 

 strong one behind : the first true molar has four fangs, three slender 

 external, and one strong internal : the last molar has three fangs. 

 The lower sectorial and second molar teeth have each two fangs ; 

 the last molar has but one fang. 



