WART HOGS. 553 



rootless condition as the one above, upon which its longer 

 duration than the preceding rooted molars depends, as Dr. Riippell 

 well remarks, (loc. cit. p. 63.) 



In the Wart Hog of South Africa, {Phacocharus Pallasii, v. 

 der Hoeven)(l) there are no incisive teeth in the upper jaw of the 

 mature animal, and the traces of four small incisors are almost 

 obliterated in the lower jaw of the skull before me. (2) The large 

 upper tusks differ from those of the Ph. JEliani in the deeper 

 and narrower groove along their front and back part, and they 

 are inclined more forwards. One simple, single fanged premolar, 

 remains in the place near the base of the tusk corresponding with 

 that of the first of the three deciduous molars in the young 

 animal. The analogues of the two premolars in the specimen of 

 Ph. Pallasii described, are shed, together with the first and 

 second true molars, and the work of mastication has been carried 

 on by the last large complex molar exclusively. The three series 

 of columns of which this tooth consists appear to be more regular 

 in form than in the Ph. ^liani; but this may depend on the 

 tooth having been worn lower in the specimen of Ph. Pallasii here 

 described, in which the long diameter of the grinding surface is 

 two inches one line, the short or transverse diameter half an inch. 

 In the lower jaw the stumps of four small incisors may be seen 

 razed to the level of the edge of the symphysis. The canines, 



and the figures (loc. cit. tab. 26, figs, c, d,) well exemplify this stage of dentition, 

 which is the most common in the adult Phacocheerus JSliani. How the first true molar, 

 or the vestiges of its socket and the vacancy between the last premolar and second true 

 molar should have escaped the observation of the accomplished Abyssinian traveller, in 

 the younger specimens to which he alludes, I cannot explain : they are obvious in three 

 out of five examples of this species in the Hunterian Museum. In the immature Nubian 

 Phacochere five molars are present when the second true molar has risen into place ; 

 and it will be seen from the description of the deciduous dentition of the Phacocheerus 

 Mliani in the text that it had escaped the notice of Dr. Riippell. The skull of the 

 Phacocheerus jEliani figured in Home's Comparative Anatomy, torn, ii, PI. xxxix, shows 

 the two premolars and the second and third true molars. 



(1) Sus JElhiopicus, Pallas, Miscell. Zool., 16, tab. xi. 



(2) M. F. Cuvier first pointed out the absence of incisors as a specific distinction of the 

 South African species : but he had also observed on the margin of the symphysis of the lower 

 jaw ' quatre depressions a egale distance I'une de I'autre.' ' Mem. du Mus.' viii, p. 453. Similar 

 depressions contain stumps of inciaors in the specimen here deticribed. 



